Preamble symbol generation and receiving method, and frequency-domain symbol generation method and device

ABSTRACT

Provided are a preamble symbol generation method and receiving method, and a relevant frequency-domain symbol generation method and a relevant device, characterized in that the method comprises: generating a prefix according to a partial time-domain main body signal truncated from a time-domain main body signal; generating the hyper prefix according to the entirety or a portion of the partial time-domain main body signal; and generating time-domain symbol based on at least one of the cyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix, the preamble symbol containing at least one of the time-domain symbols. Therefore, using the entirety or a portion of a certain length of a time-domain main body signal as a prefix, it is possible to implement coherent detection, which solves the issues of performance degradation with non-coherent detection and differential decoding failure under complex frequency selective fading channels; and generating a hyper prefix based on the entirety or a portion of the above truncated time-domain main body signal enables the generated preamble symbol to have sound fractional frequency offset estimation performance and timing synchronization performance.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/304,856, filed Oct. 17, 2016, which is U.S.National Stage of International Application No. PCT/CN2015/076812, filedApr. 16, 2015, and claiming priority to Chinese Patent Application No.201410153040.X, filed Apr. 16, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410168180.4, filed Apr. 24, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410175323.4, filed Apr. 28, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410177035.2, filed Apr. 29, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410182962.3, filed Apr. 30, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410184919.0, filed May 4, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410185112.9, filed May 5, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410229558.7, filed May 28, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410259080.2, filed Jun. 12, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410274626.1, filed Jun. 19, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410326504.2, filed Jul. 10, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201410753506.X, filed Dec. 10, 2014; Chinese Patent Application No.201510039510.4, filed Jan. 26, 2015; Chinese Patent Application No.201510052202.5, filed Jan. 30, 2015; Chinese Patent Application No.201510061935.5, filed Jan. 30, 2015; Chinese Patent Application No.201510064118.5, filed Feb. 6, 2015; Chinese Patent Application No.201510076155.8, filed Feb. 12, 2015; Chinese Patent Application No.201510076151.X, filed Feb. 12, 2015; and Chinese Patent Application No.201510076216.0, filed Feb. 12, 2015, the contents of which are herebyincorporated by references in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the technical field of communications,and especially to a preamble symbol generation and receiving method anda preamble symbol generation method and device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Typically, in order to enable a receiving end of an OFDM system tocorrectly demodulate data sent by a transmitting end, the OFDM systemhas to realize accurate and reliable time synchronization between thetransmitting end and the receiving end. At the same time, since the OFDMsystem is very sensitive to the frequency offset of a carrier, thereceiving end of the OFDM system also has to adopt an accurate andefficient carrier frequency estimation method, so as to preciselyestimate and correct the carrier frequency offset.

At present, a signal of an OFDM system is composed of physical frames,and each physical frame generally has one synchronization frame headreferred to as a preamble symbol or bootstrap, for realizing the timeand frequency synchronization between a transmitting end and a receivingend. The preamble symbols is known to both the transmitting end and thereceiving end, and is generally referred to as a P1 symbol. The usage ofthe P1 symbol or bootstrap symbol includes:

-   -   1) Enabling the receiving end to make a detection rapidly to        determine whether a signal transmitted in a channel is a signal        desired to be received;    -   2) providing a basic transmission parameter (e.g. the number of        FFT points, frame type information, etc.), so that the receiving        end can performing subsequent receiving processing;    -   3) detecting an initial carrier frequency offset and a timing        error, and compensating to achieve frequency and timing        synchronization; and    -   4) emergency alarm or broadcast system wakeup.

A P1 symbol design based on an existing time-domain structure isproposed in existing standards such as DVB_T2 standard, which wellachieves the above-mentioned functions. However, there are still somelimitations on low-complexity receiving algorithms. By way of example,in the case of long and multi-path channels with 1024, 542, or 482samples, rough timing synchronization will cause great deviation, thusleading mistake when estimating integral frequency offset of the carrierin the frequency domain. Further, in a complex frequency selectivefading channel, for example in a long multi-path channel, DBPSKdifferential decoding method may also fail. Moreover, since thetime-domain structure of DVB_T2 does not include a cyclic prefix, whenit is necessary to utilize the preamble symbol to conduct channelestimation, the frequency-domain channel estimation performance thereofwill be severely degraded.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that at present, inDVB_T2 standard and other standards, the time-domain structure of thepreamble symbol in the DVB_T2 standard cannot be applied to coherentdetection, in a complex frequency selective fading channel, the DBPSKdifferential decoding method of the preamble symbol would fail, and thereceiving algorithm will probably fail.

In order to solve the problem, the embodiments of the present inventionprovide the following preamble symbol generation method and receivingmethod, and a relevant frequency-domain symbol generation method andrelevant device.

Method I

The embodiments of the present invention provide a preamble symbolgeneration method, characterized by comprising the following steps:generating a prefix according to a partial time-domain main body signaltruncated from a time-domain main body signal; generating the hyperprefix according to the entirety or a portion of the partial time-domainmain body signal; and generating time-domain symbol based on at leastone of the cyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the hyperprefix, the preamble symbol containing at least one of the time-domainsymbols.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the time-domain symbols are generated based onthe cyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefixwhich are arranged successively, and the preamble symbol contains atleast one said time-domain symbol.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the generation steps of the prefix and the hyperprefix comprise: directly truncating the prefix from the rear of thetime-domain main body signal, and modulating the entirety or a portionof the partial time-domain main body symbol corresponding to the prefixto obtain the hyper prefix.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the generation steps of the prefix and the hyperprefix comprise: generating the prefix by processing the portiontruncated from the rear of the time-domain main body signal, accordingto a first predefined processing rule, and generating the hyper prefixby processing the portion truncated from the rear of the time-domainmain body signal, according to a second predefined processing rule, thefirst predefined processing rule comprises: direct copy, or multiplyinga fixed coefficient or a predefined variable coefficient; and the secondpredefined processing rule comprises: conducting modulation when thefirst predefined processing rule is direct copy, or when the firstpredefined processing rule is multiplying a fixed coefficient or apredefined variable coefficient, multiplying the correspondingcoefficient as well and then conducting modulation.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the length of the postfix or the hyper prefixdoes not exceed the length of the prefix.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the generation steps of the hyper prefixcomprise: setting a frequency shift sequence; and multiplying a portionor the entirety of the time-domain main body signal by the frequencyshift sequence to obtain the hyper prefix of the time-domain main bodysignal.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: a modulation frequency offset value of thefrequency shift sequence is determined according to a frequency-domainsubcarrier spacing corresponding to the time-domain main body signal oraccording to the length of the hyper prefix, and an initial phase of thefrequency shift sequence is an arbitrary value.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the preamble symbol transmits signalinginformation in the following way: on the premise of giving a combinationof the length of the prefix and the length of the hyper prefix, whilegenerating the hyper prefix, the partial time-domain main body signalneeds to be truncated, and different truncation start positions areutilized to transmit different signalling information.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the length of the time-domain main body signalis 2048 sampling periods, the length of prefix is 520 sampling periods,the length of the hyper prefix is 504 sampling periods, and the startposition to truncate the hyper prefix in the time-domain symbol is the1528th sample.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: let P1_A(t) be a time-domain expression of thetime-domain symbol, N_(A) denotes the length of the time-domain mainbody signal, and let Len_(C) denotes the length of a prefix, Len_(B)denotes the length of the hyper prefix, f_(SH) be a modulation frequencyoffset value for modulating the time-domain main body signal, and T be asampling period, the time-domain expression of the preamble symbolcontaining the prefix, time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefixsignal is:

${P_{B\text{-}C\text{-}A}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N\; 1} \right)T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {{Len}_{C}T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{B}T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} - N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{B}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C} + N_{A}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.$

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the length of the time-domain main body signalN_(A) is 2048, the length of the cyclic prefix Len_(C) is 520, and thelength of the hyper prefix Len_(B) is 504, the time-domain expression ofthe preamble symbol containing the cyclic prefix, the time-domain mainbody signal and the hyper prefix is:

${P_{B\text{-}C\text{-}A}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P2\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {520T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {504T}} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t + {1024T}} \right)} & {{504T} \leq t < {1024T}} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)} & {{1024T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.$

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the time-domain main body signal carries anemergency broadcast identifier using at least one bit of signalling, andwhen the modulation signal with the modulation signal length istruncated from the time-domain main body signal according to differentstart positions, the different start positions can carry the emergencybroadcast identifier.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol generation method furthercomprise such features: the time-domain main body signal is obtained byprocessing a frequency-domain symbol. Optionally, the provided preamblesymbol generation method further comprise such features: the generationstep of the frequency-domain symbol contains: arranging a fixed sequenceand a signalling sequence, which are generated respectively in thefrequency domain, and then filling valid subcarriers with the arrangedfixed sequence and signalling sequence.

Method II

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention also provide afrequency-domain symbol generation method, characterizing by comprisingthe following steps: arranging a fixed sequence and a signallingsequence, which are generated respectively in the frequency domain, andthen filling valid subcarriers with the arranged fixed sequence andsignalling sequence to form the frequency-domain symbol.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: the method further comprises:determining an average power ratio of the fixed sequence to thesignalling sequence, and respectively generating the fixed sequence andthe signalling sequence according to the average power ratio.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: the average power ratio of the fixedsequence to the signalling sequence is valued at 2.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: the fixed sequence and the signallingsequence are arranged using a predefined interlaced arrangement rule,wherein the predefined arrangement rule comprises either one of thefollowing two rules: arranging in an odd-even interlaced or even-oddinterlaced manner; or placing a portion of the signalling sequence onodd-numbered subcarriers, and the other portion of the signallingsequence on even-numbered subcarriers; and placing a portion of thefixed sequence on the odd-numbered subcarriers, and the other portion ofthe fixed sequence on the even-numbered subcarriers.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: the generation step of the signallingsequence comprises: generating the same sequence generation formulabased on a pre-set length and number of the signalling sequence; basedon the same sequence generation formula, choosing different phase basevalues to produce different constant amplitude zero auto-correlationsequences; and selecting the signalling sequence according to thedetermined length of the signalling sequence from each of the obtainedconstant amplitude zero auto-correlation sequences.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: the generation step of the signallingsequence comprises: determining several sequence generation formulasbased on a pre-set length and number of the signalling sequence; foreach of the sequence generation formulas, choosing different phase basevalues to correspondingly produce a constant amplitude zeroauto-correlation sequence; and selecting the signalling sequenceaccording to the determined length of the signalling sequence from eachof the obtained constant amplitude zero auto-correlation sequences.

Optionally, the provided frequency-domain symbol generation methodfurther comprise such features: for the produced constant amplitude zeroauto-correlation sequences, the method further comprises the followingstep: further cyclically shifting the produced constant amplitude zeroauto-correlation sequences.

Method III

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention also provide apreamble symbol receiving method, characterizing by comprising thefollowing steps: processing a received signal; judging whether theprocessed signal contains a preamble symbol desired to be received; andif a judgement result is yes, determining the position of the preamblesymbol and resolving signalling information carried by the preamblesymbol.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: the steps of judging whether the processedsignal contains the preamble symbol desired to be received, and when ajudgement result is yes, determining the position of the preamble symboland resolving signalling information carried by the preamble symbolcontain at least one of the following: an initial timing synchronizationmethod, an integer frequency offset estimation method, a fine timingsynchronization method, a channel estimation method, a decoding andanalysis method and a fractional frequency offset estimation method.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: it is judged whether the processed signalcontains the preamble symbol desired to be received using the result ofat least any one of the following: initial timing synchronization,integer frequency offset estimation, fine timing synchronization,channel estimation, decoding and analysis and fractional frequencyoffset estimation methods.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: the step of judging whether the baseband signalcontains the preamble symbol desired to be received comprises:preliminarily determining the position of the preamble symbol by meansof the initial timing synchronization method; and based on the result ofthe initial timing synchronization method, judging whether the processedsignal contains the preamble symbol desired to be received.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: the initial timing synchronization methodcontains: a first initial timing synchronization method: conductingnecessary inverse processing on the received signal, which has beenprocessed, using an association relationship between any two of thecyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix,and then performing delayed moving auto-correlation to acquire anaccumulation correlation value; and performing delay relationship matchand/or a specific mathematical calculation based on the accumulationcorrelation value, and then using a processed value obtained for theinitial timing synchronization, so as to preliminarily determine theposition of the preamble symbol, and/or a second initial timingsynchronization method: when any of the time-domain main body signals inthe preamble symbol contains a known signal, conducting differentialoperation on the time-domain main body signal according to N predefineddifferential values, and also conducting differential operation ontime-domain signal corresponding to the known information, thencorrelating the two to obtain N groups of differential correlationresults corresponding to the N differential values on a one-to-onebasis, and performing initial synchronization based on the N groups ofdifferential correlation results to obtain processed values, forpreliminarily determining the position of the preamble symbol, whereN≥1, wherein when the determination of the position of the preamblesymbol is accomplished based on the first initial timing synchronizationmethod and the second initial timing synchronization method, weightingthe processed values obtained respectively, and completing initialtiming synchronization using the weighted results.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: the step of determining the position of thepreamble symbol and resolving signalling information carried by thepreamble symbol contains: resolving the signalling information carriedby the preamble symbol by utilizing the entirety or a portion of atime-domain waveform of the preamble symbol and/or a frequency-domainsignal obtained through performing transform on the entirety or aportion of the time-domain waveform of the preamble symbol.

Optionally, the provided preamble symbol receiving method furthercomprise such features: the method further comprises: when thegeneration of the received frequency-domain symbol for generating thepreamble symbol contains the step of respectively arranging a fixedsequence and a signalling sequence and then filling valid subcarrierswith the arranged fixed sequence and signalling sequence, the methodfurther comprises: conducting integer frequency offset estimation orchannel estimation using the fixed sequence, and the step of conductinginteger frequency offset estimation or channel estimation using thefixed sequence comprises: according to the preliminarily determinedposition of the preamble symbol, truncating a signal containing all orsome of fixed subcarriers; conducting calculation using the signalcontaining all or some of the fixed subcarriers and a frequency-domainfixed subcarrier sequence, so as to realize the integer frequency offsetestimation or channel estimation; or conducting calculation using atime-domain signal corresponding to the frequency-domain fixedsubcarrier sequence to realize the integer frequency offset estimationor channel estimation.

Device I

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention also provide apreamble symbol generation device, characterizing by comprising: aprefix generation unit for generating a prefix according to a partialtime-domain main body signal truncated from a time-domain main bodysignal; a hyper prefix generation unit for generating a hyper prefixaccording to the entirety or a portion of the partial time-domain mainbody signal; and a preamble symbol generation unit for generating atime-domain symbol based on at least one of the cyclic prefix, thetime-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix, wherein the preamblesymbol contains at least one said time-domain symbol.

Device II

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention also provide afrequency-domain symbol generation device, characterizing by comprising:a sequence generation unit for respectively generating a fixed sequenceand a signalling sequence on the frequency domain; and afrequency-domain symbol generation unit for arranging the fixed sequenceand the signalling sequence and filling valid subcarriers with thearranged fixed sequence and signalling sequence to form afrequency-domain symbol.

Device III

Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention provide a preamblesymbol receiving device, characterizing by comprising: a receiving andprocessing unit for processing a received signal; a judgement unit forjudging whether the processed signal contains a preamble symbol desiredto be received; and a positioning and parsing unit for, if a judgementresult is yes, determining the position of the preamble symbol andresolving signalling information carried by the preamble symbol.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions of the presentinvention have the following beneficial effects:

In the preamble symbol generation method and receiving method, and arelevant frequency-domain symbol generation method and relevant deviceprovided according to the embodiments of the present invention, when atime-domain main body signal is an OFDM symbol, with the entirety or aportion of the time-domain main body signal as a prefix, coherentdetection can be realized by utilizing the generated prefix, whichsolves the issues of performance degradation with non-coherent detectionand DBPSK differential decoding failure under complex frequencyselective fading channels, and generating a modulation signal utilizingthe above-mentioned entirety or a portion of the truncated time-domainmain body signal with the length of cyclic prefix to enable thegenerated preamble symbol to have sound fractional frequency offsetestimation performance and timing synchronization performance.

Further, it can be chosen to send a time-domain symbol with athree-segment structure as a preamble symbol according to therequirements of transmission efficiency and robustness. When thepreamble symbol contains a time-domain symbol with a three-segmentstructure, based on the same OFDM symbol main body, a differenttruncating start point when truncating the second part from the firstpart can be used for transmitting signalling, such as emergencybroadcast, hook information, transmitter sign information or othertransmission parameters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain symbol with a firstthree-segment structure in the embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain symbol with a secondthree-segment structure in the embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of acquisition processing based on atime-domain symbol with the first three-segment structure in theembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of acquisition processing based on atime-domain symbol with the second three-segment structure in theembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of frequency-domain structure I arrangedaccording to a first predetermined interlaced arrangement rule in theembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of frequency-domain structure I arrangedaccording to a second predetermined interlaced arrangement rule in theembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a logic diagram of a correlation result to be detectedcorresponding to a three-segment structure CAB in a preamble symbolreceiving method in the embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a logic diagram of a correlation result to be detectedcorresponding to a three-segment structure BCA in a preamble symbolreceiving method in the embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9 shows a simplified block diagram of a device 900 according tosome embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Generation Method

This embodiment provides a preamble symbol generation method. Thepreamble symbol generation method comprises the following steps:

-   -   generating a cyclic prefix according to a partial time-domain        main body signal truncated from a time-domain main body signal;    -   generating a modulation signal based on a portion or the        entirety of the partial time-domain main body signal; and    -   generating a time-domain symbol based on at least one of the        cyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the        modulation signal, wherein the preamble symbol contains at least        one the time-domain symbol.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain symbol with a firstthree-segment structure in the embodiments of the present invention.FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain symbol with a secondthree-segment structure in the embodiments of the present invention.

The generated preamble symbol comprises:

-   -   a time-domain symbol with a first three-segment structure; or    -   a time-domain symbol with a second three-segment structure.

The following description is made to a time-domain structure of thetime-domain symbols contained in the above-mentioned preamble symbolthrough FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The time-domain structure contains athree-segment structure; and the three-segment have two alternatives,i.e. a first three-segment structure and a second three-segmentstructure.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first three-segment structure is: a time-domainmain body signal (part A), a prefix (part C) generated by utilizing to apartial time-domain main body signal which is truncated from thetime-domain main body signal, and a modulation signal, i.e. a postfix(part B), which is generated by utilizing a portion or the entirety ofthe partial time-domain main body signal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second three-segment structure is: a time-domainmain body signal (part A), a prefix (part C) generated by utilizing to apartial time-domain main body signal which is truncated from thetime-domain main body signal, and a modulation signal, i.e. a hyperprefix (part B), which is generated by utilizing the partial time-domainmain body signal.

Specifically, a section of a time-domain main body signal (indicated byA in the figure) is taken as a first part, a first portion is taken fromthe end of the first part according to a predefined acquisition rule,and is processed according to a first predefined processing rule andreplicated to the front of the first part to produce a third part(indicated by C in the figure), thus taking it as a prefix; at the sametime, a portion is taken from the rear of the first part according to apredefined acquisition rule, and is processed according to a secondpredefined processing rule and replicated to the rear of the first partor processed and replicated to the front of the prefix to produce asecond part (indicated by B in the figure), thus respectively taking itas a postfix or a hyper prefix correspondingly, thereby respectivelyproducing the first three-segment structure with B as the postfix asshown in FIG. 1 (CAB structure) and the second three-segment structurewith B as the hyper prefix as shown in FIG. 2 (BCA structure).

With regard to the particular rules for processing the third part andthe second part from the first part, the first predefined processingrule comprises: direct copy, or multiplying each sampling signal in thetaken part by a fixed coefficient or a predefined variable coefficient.The second predefined processing rule comprises: conducting modulationwhen the first predefined processing rule is direct copy, or when thefirst predefined processing rule is multiplying each sampling signal inthe taken part by a fixed coefficient or predefined variablecoefficient, multiplying a corresponding part by the correspondingcoefficient as well and then conducting modulation processing. That is,when the third part is directly copied as the prefix, modulationprocessing is performed on the second part as the postfix or hyperprefix by a corresponding main body part; and when the third part ismultiplied by a corresponding coefficient, the second part also needs tobe multiplied by a coefficient for modulation processing, and is thentaken as the postfix or hyper prefix.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of acquisition processing of a time-domainsymbol with a first three-segment structure in the embodiments of thepresent invention.

In this embodiment, section C is directly copied from section A, andsection B is a modulation signal section of section A. As shown in FIG.3, for example, the length of A is 1024, the length of C truncated is520, and the length of B is 504, wherein when processing C and B, eachsample of the signal can be multiplied with a fixed coefficient, or eachsample is multiplied by a different coefficient.

The data range of B does not exceed the data range of C, i.e., the rangein A which is selected for generating the modulation signal section B,would not exceed the range in A truncated as a prefix C. Preferably, thesum of the length of B and that of C is the length of A.

Let N_(A) denotes the length of A, Len_(C) denotes the length of C, andLen_(B) denotes the length of the modulation signal section B. Let thesampling point serial numbers of A be 0, 1, . . . N_(A)−1. It is assumedthat the first sampling point serial number for generating themodulation signal section part B in A is N1, and the final samplingpoint serial number for generating the modulation signal section part Bin A is N2. The first sampling point serial number and the secondsampling point serial number satisfy the following predefinedrestriction relationship:

N2=N1+Len _(B)−1  (Formula 1)

Generally, modulation made on the second part B section is frequencyoffset modulation, i.e. multiplying a frequency shift sequence, amodulation (M) sequence or other sequences, etc. The modulationfrequency offset is taken as an example in this embodiment, assumingthat P1_A(t) is the time-domain expression of A, then the time-domainexpression of the first C-A-B three-segment structure is

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N_{A} - {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{C}T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {{Len}_{C}T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{C}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\begin{pmatrix}{{Len}_{C} +} \\{N_{A} - {N\; 1}}\end{pmatrix}T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {N_{A} + {Len}_{C} + {Len}_{B}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 2} \right)\end{matrix}$

-   -   where if the time-domain main body signal is an OFDM symbol, the        modulation frequency offset value f_(SH) can be selected as a        frequency-domain subcarrier interval i.e. 1/N_(A)T corresponding        to a time-domain OFDM main-body signal, with T being the        sampling period, N_(A) being the length of the time-domain OFDM        main-body signal. In this example, N_(A) is 1024, and        f_(SH)=1/1024T. The primary phase of the frequency shift        sequence; and in order to enable a correlation peak to be sharp,        f_(SH) can also be selected as 1/(Len_(B)T).

As shown in FIG. 3, N_(A)=1024; Len_(C)=520, Len_(B)=504 and N1=520. Atthis moment, the auto-correlation delay of section CA containing thesame content is N_(A), the auto-correlation delay of section CBcontaining the same content is N_(A)+Len_(B), and the auto-correlationdelay of section AB containing the same content is Len_(B).

In another embodiment, the length of section C is the same as that ofsection B, that is to say, section B can be considered as a completelyfrequency offset adjustment of section C.

Particularly, the cyclic prefix C is assembled at the front of thetime-domain OFDM symbol A as a guard interval, and the modulation signalsection B is assembled at the rear of the OFDM symbol as a modulationfrequency offset sequence, so as to generate a time-domain symbol withthe first three-segment structure. For example, when N_(A)=1024, theparticular expression can be as follows,

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {1024 - {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{C}T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {{Len}_{C}T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{C}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {1024 + {2{Len}_{C}}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {2{Len}_{C}T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {1024 + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {1024 + {2{Len}_{C}}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 3} \right)\end{matrix}$

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the processing of a time-domain symbolwith a second three-segment structure in the embodiments of the presentinvention.

In a similar way, the time-domain expression of the time-domain symbolwith the second three-segment structure is as follows. No that in orderto enable the processing method of the receiving end as consistent aspossible, in the B-C-A structure, the modulation frequency offset valueis exactly contrary to the C-A-B structure, and the primary phase of themodulation frequency offset can be an arbitrary value.

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{B\text{-}C\text{-}A}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N\; 1} \right)T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {{Len}_{C}T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{B}T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} - N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{B}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C} + N_{A}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 4} \right)\end{matrix}$

As shown in FIG. 4, N_(A)=1024; Len_(C)=520, Len_(B)=504, and N1=504. Atthis moment, the auto-correlation delay of section CA containing thesame content is N_(A), the auto-correlation delay of section BCcontaining the same content is Len_(B), and the auto-correlation delayof section BA containing the same content is N_(A)+Len_(B).

Further, when the preamble symbol contains a symbol with a three-segmentstructure, no matter the three-segment structure is the firstthree-segment structure or the second three-segment structure, based onthe same OFDM symbol main body, signalling can also be transmitted usinga time-domain structure in the following way.

A different start point to select the second part from the first partcan be used for transmitting signalling, i.e., when generating themodulation signal, transmitting different signalling information isrealized by truncating this portion of time-domain symbol from differentstart positions.

For example, emergency broadcast, hook information, transmitter signinformation or other transmission parameters.

By way of example, for the first three-segment structure, for example,the predefined length is 1024, Len_(C) is 512, and Len_(B) is 256.

N1 can be valued at 512+i*16 0≤i<16, which can then indicate 16different mode to take by second part, and transmit 4 bits of signallingparameters. Different transmitters can transmit an identifiercorresponding to the transmitter by taking different N1, the sametransmitter can also transmit a parameter by changing N1 in atime-division manner.

For another example, 1 bit of signalling is used for transmittingemergency broadcast identifier EAS_flag.

if EAS_flag=1, then N1=512−Lm that is, taking sampling points fromserial numbers 512-L to 1023-2 L of OFDM symbol with N_(A) being 1024 tocorrespond to and perform modulation by the frequency offset sequence togenerate B, and placing it at the rear of A.

if EAS_flag=0, then N1=512+L, that is, taking sampling points withserial numbers 512+L to 1023 of OFDM symbol with N_(A) being 1024 tocorrespond to and perform modulation by the frequency offset sequence togenerate B, and placing it at the rear of A.

The value of L is 8.

Particularly, N_(A)=1024, Len_(C) is 520, Len_(B) is 504; N1=520indicates that EAS_flag=0, and N1=504 indicates that EAS_flag=1; orN1=504 indicates that EAS_flag=0, and N1=520 indicates that EAS_flag=1.

For another example, N_(A)=2048, Len_(C) is 520, Len_(B) is 504; N1=1544indicates that EAS_flag=0, and N1=1528 indicates that EAS_flag=1; orN1=1528 indicates that EAS_flag=0, and N1=1544 indicates thatEAS_flag=1.

For a particular expression,

-   -   when EAS_flag=0, the time-domain expression of the C-A-B        three-segment structure is:

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {504T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {520T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {520T}} \right)} & {{520T} \leq t < {1544T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & {{1544T} \leq t < {2048T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix}{when}\mspace{14mu} \left( {N_{A} = 1024} \right){and}} \right.} & \; \\{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {520T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {520T}} \right)} & {{520T} \leq t < {2568T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & {{2568T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix}{when}\mspace{14mu} \left( {N_{A} = 2048} \right)} \right.} & \;\end{matrix}$

-   -   when EAS_flag=1, the time-domain expression of the C-A-B        three-segment structure is:

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {504T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {520T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {520T}} \right)} & {{520T} \leq t < {1544T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {1040T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & {{1544T} \leq t < {2048T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix}{when}\mspace{14mu} \left( {N_{A} = 1024} \right){and}} \right.} & \; \\{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {520T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - 520} \right)} & {{520T} \leq t < {2568T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {1040T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & {{2568T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix}{when}\mspace{14mu} \left( {N_{A} = 2048} \right)} \right.} & \;\end{matrix}$

Besides truncating the second part from the first part at differentstart points to indicate emergency broadcast, when the preamble symbolcontains only one three-segment structure, a variable three-segmentstructure can be used to identify emergency broadcast. For example,EAS_flag=0 can be indicated by sending the first three-segment structureC-A-B, and EAS_flag=1 is indicated by sending the second three-segmentstructure B-C-A; alternatively, EAS_flag=1 is indicated by sending thefirst three-segment structure C-A-B, and EAS_flag=0 is indicated bysending the second three-segment structure B-C-A.

A peak is acquired by means of the delayed auto-correlation of sectionCB, section CA and section BA when detecting a single time-domain symbolwith a three-segment structure; when assembling two time-domain symbolswith a three-segment structure, in order to be able to add theauto-correlation value of the two time-domain symbols with athree-segment structure and obtain more robust performance, theparameter N1 of each of the two time-domain symbols with a three-segmentstructure (that is, N1 is the sampling point serial number in Acorresponding to the start point chosen to be replicated for modulationsignal segment B) should satisfy a certain relationship, assuming thatN1 of the first symbol is N1_1, and N1 of the second symbol is N1_2,then they should satisfy N1_1+N1_2=2N_(A)−(Len_(B)+Len_(C)). Moreover,if the modulation performed on segment B is modulation frequency offset,the frequency offset value is exactly contrary.

Serial number 1 is used to indicate the symbol with the C-A-B structure,and serial number 2 is used to indicate the symbol with the B-C-Astructure. Assuming that P1_A(t) is the time-domain expression of A1,and P2_A(t) is the time-domain expression of A2, then the time-domainexpression of a time-domain symbol with the first three-segmentstructure is:

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N_{A} - {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{C}T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {{Len}_{C}T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{C}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {\begin{pmatrix}{{Len}_{C} + N_{A} -} \\{{N1\_}1}\end{pmatrix}T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\begin{pmatrix}{N_{A} +} \\{{Len}_{C} + {Len}_{B}}\end{pmatrix}T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 5} \right)\end{matrix}$

By way of example: N_(A)=2048; Len_(C)=520; Len_(B)=504; f_(SH)=1/2048T.

${P_{C\text{-}A\text{-}B}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P1\_ A}\left( {t + {504T}} \right)} & {0 \leq t < {520T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {520T}} \right)} & {{520T} \leq t < {1544T}} \\{{P1\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)e^{j\; 2\pi \; f_{SH}t}} & {{1544T} \leq t < {2048T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.$

-   -   and then the time-domain expression of a time-domain symbol with        the second three-segment structure is:

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{B\text{-}C\text{-}A}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P2\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {{N1\_}2} \right)T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {520T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {{Len}_{B}T}} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} - N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{{Len}_{B}T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)} & \begin{matrix}{{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t <} \\{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C} + N_{A}} \right)T}\end{matrix} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 6} \right)\end{matrix}$

Still take the above example, N_(A)=2048; Len_(C)=520, Len_(B)=504,f_(SH)=1/2048T

${P_{B\text{-}C\text{-}A}(t)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{{P2\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {520T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {504T}} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t + {1024T}} \right)} & {{504T} \leq t < {1024T}} \\{{P2\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)} & {{1024T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\0 & {otherwise}\end{matrix} \right.$

The preamble or bootstrap introduced above contains not only: atime-domain symbol with a first three-segment structure; or atime-domain symbol with a second three-segment structure; It should bespecially noted that the preamble symbol of bootstrap in the presentinvention is not limited to only containing a C-A-B or B-C-A structure,but can also contain other time-domain structures, such as a traditionalCP structure.

The present invention also provide a frequency-domain symbol generationmethod, Description is made below to a method for generating afrequency-domain OFDM symbol with the following frequency-domainstructure I.

Furthermore, it can be seen in combination with the three-segmenttime-domain structure above that a fixed corresponding relationshipexists between the time domain and the frequency domain. In a generalcase, a time-domain main body signal (part A) is a time-domain OFDMsymbol formed from a frequency-domain OFDM symbol after inverse Fouriertransform. However, it should be noted that the frequency-domain symbolgeneration method provided in the present invention is not limited to beused in a symbol in which the three-segment structure as shown in FIG. 1to FIG. 7 above is adopted in terms of the time domain, but can also beapplied to other symbols with an arbitrary time-domain structure.

It is assumed that P1_X is a corresponding frequency-domain OFDM symbol,and inverse discrete Fourier transform is performed on P1_X_(i) toobtain a time-domain OFDM symbol:

$\begin{matrix}{{{{P1\_ A}(t)} = {\frac{1}{\sqrt{M}}{\sum\limits_{m = 0}^{N_{FFT}}{{P1\_ X}(m)e^{j\; 2\pi \; \frac{({m - {N_{FFT}/2}})}{N_{FFT}T}t}}}}},} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 7} \right)\end{matrix}$

-   -   where M is the sum of the power for valid non-zero subcarriers.

In the present invention, the frequency-domain structures of twodifferent types of P1_X are elaborated.

Frequency-Domain Structure I

First of all, the frequency-domain structure of the first type of P1_Xis elaborated, and is defined as frequency-domain structure I. Forfrequency-domain structure I, the frequency-domain symbol generationmethod comprises the following steps:

-   -   respectively generating a fixed sequence and a signalling        sequence on the frequency domain; and    -   arranging the fixed sequence and the signalling sequence and        filling valid subcarriers with the arranged fixed sequence and        signalling sequence to form a frequency-domain symbol.

For frequency-domain structure I of P1_X, the frequency-domain OFDMsymbol respectively comprises three parts, i.e. virtual subcarriers,signalling sequence (referred to as SC) subcarriers and fixed sequence(referred to as FC) subcarriers.

After arranging signalling sequence subcarriers and fixed sequencesubcarriers according to a predefined interlaced arrangement rule, thevirtual subcarriers are distributed at two sides of them. The predefinedinterlaced arrangement rule comprises either one of the following tworules:

-   -   a first predefined interlaced arrangement rule: arrangement in        an odd-even interlaced manner or an even-odd interlaced manner;        and    -   a second predefined interlaced arrangement rule: placing a        portion of the signalling sequence on odd-numbered subcarriers,        and the other portion of the signalling sequence on        even-numbered subcarriers; and placing a portion of the fixed        sequence on the odd-numbered subcarriers, and the other portion        of the fixed sequence on the even-numbered subcarriers.

The first predefined interlaced arrangement rule is to arrange the SCand the FC in an odd-even interlaced pattern or an even-odd interlacedpattern, in this way, the FC is arranged according to a pilor rule. Inthe second predefined interlaced arrangement rule, a part of the SCsequence needs to be put on odd-numbered subcarriers, and the remainingSC sequence is put on even-numbered subcarriers; and a part of the FCsequence needs to be put on odd-numbered subcarriers, and the remainingFC sequence is put on even-numbered subcarriers; in this way, the casewhere the entire FC or SC is put on odd-numbered or even-numberedsubcarriers and would entirely fade under some special multipath isavoided, and this arrangement would not increase the complexity ofchannel estimation, and is thus a better choice.

It is assumed that the length of the fixed sequence is L (that is, thenumber of valid subcarriers bearing the fixed sequence is L), and thelength of the signalling sequence is P (that is, the number of validsubcarriers bearing the signalling sequence is P). In this embodiment,L=P. It should be noted that when the length of the fixed sequence isnot consistent with that of the signalling sequence (e.g. P>L), theinterlaced arrangement of the fixed sequence and the signalling sequenceaccording to the above-mentioned rule can be realized by means offilling subcarriers with zero sequence.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the signalling sequence subcarriers,the fixed sequence subcarriers and the virtual subcarriers arrangedaccording to a first predetermined interlaced arrangement rule in theembodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, in this preferred implementation, the stepcomprises: respectively filling subcarriers with certain zero sequenceat two sides of the valid subcarriers, to form a frequency-domain OFDMsymbol with a predefined length.

Corresponding to the fact that the length N_(A) of the time-domain mainbody signal A in the above-mentioned time-domain structure is 1024, thelength of frequency-domain singal N_(FFT) formed by performing fastFourier transform (FFT) is 1024.

The example of the predefined length of N_(FFT) being 1024 is continuedto be used below, the length of the zero sequence subcarriers isG=1024−L−P, and (1024−L−P)/2 zero sequence are used to fill subcarriersat two sides thereof. For example, L=P=353, then G=318, 159 zerosequence subcarriers are respectively filled at two sides.

Generating the frequency-domain OFDM symbol according to the firstpredefined interlaced arrangement rule comprises the following step:

The (11)th fixed sequence generation step: the fixed sequence iscomposed of 353 complex numbers, the modulus thereof is constant, andthe nth value of the fixed sequence subcarriers is expressed as:

FC=(n)=√{square root over (R)}e ^(jω) ^(n) ,n=0˜352  (Formula 8)

where R is the power ratio of FC to SC, and the modulus SC_(i) isconstant 1.

$\begin{matrix}{R = \frac{\sum\limits_{n}\; {{{FC}(n)}}^{2}}{\sum\limits_{n}\; {{{SC}(n)}}^{2}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 9} \right)\end{matrix}$

The radian value ω_(n) of the fixed sequence subcarriers is determinedthrough the first predefined fixed subcarrier radian values in table 1.

TABLE 1 The first predefined fixed subcarrier radian value table (firstpredefined interlaced arrangement rule) 5.43 2.56 0.71 0.06 2.72 0.771.49 6.06 4.82 2.10 5.62 4.96 4.93 4.84 4.67 5.86 5.74 3.54 2.50 3.750.86 1.44 3.83 4.08 5.83 1.47 0.77 1.29 0.16 1.38 4.38 2.52 3.42 3.464.39 0.61 4.02 1.26 2.93 3.84 3.81 6.21 3.80 0.69 5.80 4.28 1.73 3.343.08 5.85 1.39 0.25 1.28 5.14 5.54 2.38 6.20 3.05 4.37 5.41 2.23 0.495.12 6.26 3.00 2.60 3.89 5.47 4.83 4.17 3.36 2.63 3.94 5.13 3.71 5.890.94 1.38 1.88 0.13 0.27 4.90 4.89 5.50 3.02 1.94 2.93 6.12 5.47 6.041.14 5.52 2.01 1.08 2.79 0.74 2.30 0.85 0.58 2.25 5.25 0.23 6.01 2.662.48 2.79 4.06 1.09 2.48 2.39 5.39 0.61 6.25 2.62 5.36 3.10 1.56 0.910.08 2.52 5.53 3.62 2.90 5.64 3.18 2.36 2.08 6.00 2.69 1.35 5.39 3.542.01 4.88 3.08 0.76 2.13 3.26 2.28 1.32 5.00 3.74 1.82 5.78 2.28 2.444.57 1.48 2.48 1.52 2.70 5.61 3.06 1.07 4.54 4.10 0.09 2.11 0.10 3.183.42 2.10 3.50 4.65 2.18 1.77 4.72 5.71 1.48 2.50 4.89 4.04 6.12 4.281.08 2.90 0.24 4.02 1.29 3.61 4.36 6.00 2.45 5.49 1.02 0.85 5.58 2.430.83 0.65 1.95 0.79 5.45 1.94 0.31 0.12 3.25 3.75 2.35 0.73 0.20 6.052.98 4.70 0.69 5.97 0.92 2.65 4.17 5.71 1.54 2.84 0.98 1.47 6.18 4.524.44 0.44 1.62 6.09 5.86 2.74 3.27 3.28 0.55 5.46 0.24 5.12 3.09 4.664.78 0.39 1.63 1.20 5.26 0.92 5.98 0.78 1.79 0.75 4.45 1.41 2.56 2.551.79 2.54 5.88 1.52 5.04 1.53 5.53 5.93 5.36 5.17 0.99 2.07 3.57 3.672.61 1.72 2.83 0.86 3.16 0.55 5.99 2.06 1.90 0.60 0.05 4.01 6.15 0.100.26 2.89 3.12 3.14 0.11 0.11 3.97 5.15 4.38 2.08 1.27 1.17 0.42 3.473.86 2.17 5.07 5.33 2.63 3.20 3.39 3.21 4.58 4.66 2.69 4.67 2.35 2.440.46 4.26 3.63 2.62 3.35 0.84 3.89 4.17 1.77 1.47 2.03 0.88 1.93 0.803.94 4.70 6.12 4.27 0.31 4.85 0.27 0.51 2.70 1.69 2.18 1.95 0.02 1.913.13 2.27 5.39 5.45 5.45 1.39 2.85 1.41 0.36 4.34 2.44 1.60 5.70 2.603.41 1.84 5.79 0.69 2.59 1.14 5.28 3.72 5.55 4.92 2.64

The (12)th signalling sequence generation step: the signalling sequencegeneration step contains two methods, i.e. a first signalling sequencegeneration method and a second signalling sequence generation methoddescribed below. In this embodiment, either one of the following twomethods can be used to generate a signalling sequence in the frequencydomain, and the two particular methods for generating a signallingsequence are described in detail below.

A first signalling sequence generation method:

-   -   1.1 Determine the length and number of a signalling sequence;    -   1.2 Determine the root value in a CAZAC sequence generation        formula based on the length and number of the signalling        sequence, wherein the length of the signalling sequence is        smaller than or equal to the root value, and the root value is        greater than or equal to twice of the number of the signalling        sequence. Preferably, the root value is selected as the length        of the signalling sequence.

For example, the length (L) of the sequence and the number of signallingare determined. For example, if N bits are to be transmitted, then thenumber (num) of signalling is 2^(N), and a root of CAZAC sequence ischosen to generate the exp(jπqn(n+1)/root) in the formula. The length(L) of the sequence is smaller than or equal to the root value, and theroot value is greater than or equal to 2*num. Generally, the root valueis a prime number.

1.3 Select different q values for generating CAZAC sequences, whereinthe number of q values is equal to the number of the signallingsequence, and the sum of any two q values is not equal to the rootvalue; and the generated CAZAC sequences should be performed cyclicshift on, and the number of the cyclic shift is determined by thecorresponding root value and q value.

For example, number of num different g₀, q₁, . . . , q_(num-1) arechosen to generate the CAZAC sequence:

s(n)=exp(jπqn(n+1)/root), n=0, . . . root−1  (Formula 10)

-   -   after the cyclic shift, the sequence is:

s _(k)(n)=[s(k),s(k+1), . . . ,s(L−1),s(0), . . . ,s(k−1)]  (Formula 11)

-   -   where k is the number of the cyclic shift.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, q_(i)(0≤i≤num−1) selectedshould satisfy the following condition: any two q_(i) and q_(j)(0≤i,j≤num−1) satisfy q_(i)+q_(j)≠root.

Under the above-mentioned condition, a sequence enabling the PAPR of theoverall frequency-domain OFDM symbol to be low is preferably selected.Moreover, if L is greater than or equal to 2*num, it is preferablyselected that root=L. As such, the auto-correlation value of thesequence is zero.

1.4 Select the signalling sequence from all the CAZAC sequencesaccording to the determined number of signalling sequences. It should benoted that if L=root, then truncation is not required, and the obtainedCAZAC sequences can be taken as signalling sequences directly.

For example a continuous partial sequence with a length of L truncatedfrom each sequence among the num sequences, or the entire sequence istaken as a signalling sequence.

By way of example, the signalling sequence has a length of L=353 and anumber of num=128, then the root can be selected as the closest primenumber 353. The value range of q is 1 to 352, and the value range of thecyclic shift number of each sequence is 1 to 353. Among all theselectable signalling sequences, the following 128 sets are preferablyselected, the q values and the cyclic shift digits thereof are as shownin q value table of table 2 and cyclic shift digit table of table 3:

TABLE 2 q value table 1 9 10 16 18 21 28 29 32 35 49 51 53 54 55 57 5960 61 65 68 70 74 75 76 77 78 82 84 85 86 88 90 95 96 103 113 120 123125 126 133 134 135 137 138 140 141 142 145 147 148 150 151 155 156 157161 163 165 167 170 176 178 179 181 182 184 185 187 194 200 201 204 209210 217 222 223 224 225 229 232 234 235 237 239 241 244 246 247 248 249251 252 253 254 255 262 270 272 273 280 282 290 291 306 307 308 309 311313 314 315 317 320 326 327 330 331 333 336 338 340 342 345 347 349

TABLE 3 Cyclic shift number table 105 244 172 249 280 251 293 234 178 1163 217 83 111 282 57 85 134 190 190 99 180 38 191 22 254 186 308 178 251277 261 44 271 265 298 328 282 155 284 303 113 315 299 166 342 133 115225 13 26 326 148 195 145 185 121 58 162 118 151 182 230 39 249 305 309144 188 181 265 140 212 137 10 298 122 281 181 267 178 187 177 352 4 353269 38 342 288 277 88 124 120 162 204 174 294 166 157 56 334 110 183 131171 166 321 96 37 261 155 34 149 156 267 332 93 348 300 245 101 186 117329 352 215 55

A second signalling sequence generation method:

2.1 Determine the length and number of a signalling sequence;

2.2 Determine several root values in a CAZAC sequence generation formulabased on the length and number of the signalling sequence, wherein thelength of the signalling sequence is smaller than or equal to theminimum value in the selected several root values, and the sum of theselected several root values is greater than or equal to twice of thenumber of the signalling sequence. Preferably, the root value isselected as the length of the signalling sequence.

For example, the length (L) of the sequence and the number of signallingare determined. For example, if N bits are to be transmitted, then thenumber (num) of signalling is 2^(N), and a CAZAC sequence is chosen togenerate K root_(k) (0≤k≤K−1) in the formula exp(jπqn(n+1)/root). Thelength (L) of the signalling sequence is smaller than or equal to theminimum value in root_(k), and the sum of several root_(k) is greaterthan of equal to 2*num, i.e.

$\begin{matrix}{{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{K - 1}\; {root}_{k}} \geq {2*{{num}.}}} & \;\end{matrix}$

Generally, the value of root_(k) is a prime number.

2.3 For each root value, select different q values for generating CAZACsequences, wherein the number of q values is smaller than or equal to ½of the corresponding root value, and the sum of any two q values is notequal to the corresponding root value; and the generated CAZAC sequencesshould be performed cyclic shift on, and the number of the cyclic shiftis determined by the corresponding root value and q value.

For example, for each root_(k)(0≤k≤K−1) num_(k) different q₀, q₁, andq_(num) _(k) ⁻¹ are chosen to produce the CAZAC sequencesexp(jπqn(n+1)/root_(k)), n=0, . . . root_(k)−1, where

${{num}_{k} \leq \left\lfloor \frac{{root}_{k}}{2} \right\rfloor},{{{and}\mspace{14mu} {\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{K - 1}{num}_{k}}} = {{num}.}}$

In the second signalling sequence generation method, for each rootvalue, different q values are chosen to generate the CAZAC sequences,and the generated CAZAC sequences should be performed cyclic shift on,which can refer to the description about method I above, and will not bedescribed herein.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, q_(i) (0≤i≤num_(k)−1)selected should satisfy the following condition: any two q_(i) andq_(j)(0≤i, j≤num_(k)−1) satisfy q_(i)+q_(j)≠root_(k).

Under the above-mentioned condition, a sequence enabling the PAPR of theoverall frequency-domain OFDM symbol to be lower is preferably selected.Moreover, it can be preferentially selected that one root=L. As such,the auto-correlation value of the sequence generated by this root iszero.

2.4 Select the signalling sequence from each CAZAC sequence according tothe determined number of signalling sequences. It is worth emphasizingthat, if some root=L, then the signalling sequence is determined usingthe CAZAC sequence generated by the root the value of which is thelength of the signalling sequence.

For example a continuous partial sequence with a length of L cyclicallytruncated from each sequence among the num sequences, or the entiresequence is taken as a signalling sequence.

By way of example, L=353, num=128. According to the first signallingsequence generation method, it is preferentially selected that the rootis 353. Then, it is selected that q=1, 2, . . . 128, and satisfiesq_(i)+q_(j)≠353 (0≤i, j≤128−1). Finally, each sequence is truncating toa length of 353.

For another example, L=350, num=256. According to the second signallingsequence generation method, it is preferentially selected that the root1is 353 and root2=359, and then for root1=353, 128 sequences are selectedin total, i.e. q=1, 2, 3, . . . 128, q_(i)+q_(j)≠353. Then forroot2=359, 128 sequences are selected in total, i.e. q=100, 101, 102, .. . 227; to this end, there are 256 sequences in total. Finally, eachsequence is cyclically truncated to a length of 353.

In the following, in the (12)th signalling sequence generation step, 512signalling sequences are generated in total by means of the secondsignalling sequence generation method, i.e. Seq₀, Seq₁, . . . Seq₅₁₁;then obtaining the opposite number of each signalling sequenceSeq₀˜Seq₅₁₁, namely, −Seq₀˜−Seq₅₁₁; the receiving end differentiates apositive sequence from a negative according to the whether a correlationvalue is positive or negative, which means 10 bits of signallinginformation is conveyed in total. The 512 signalling sequences can befurther divided into 4 groups, each group including 128 signallingsequences. The substeps of generating each group of 128 signallingsequence are as follows:

The first substep: generating a reference sequence zc_(i)(n) which is aZadoff-Chu sequence zc(n) with a length of N:

$\begin{matrix}{{{{zc}_{i}(n)} = e^{{- j}\; \pi \frac{u_{i}{n{({n + 1})}}}{N}}},{n = {{\left. 0 \right.\sim N} - 1}},{i = {\left. 0 \right.\sim 127}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 12} \right)\end{matrix}$

The second substep: zc*_(i)(n) with a length of 2N is produced bycopying zc_(i)(n) twice:

$\begin{matrix}{{{zc}_{i}^{*}(n)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{zc}_{i}(n)},{0 \leq n < N}} \\{{{zc}_{i}\left( {n - N} \right)},{N \leq n < {2N}}}\end{matrix},{n = {{\left. 0 \right.\sim N} - 1}},{i = {\left. 0 \right.\sim 127}}} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 13} \right)\end{matrix}$

The third substep: truncating a sequence with a length of 353 from aspecific start position k_(i) in zc_(i)*(n), to produce SC_(i)(n):

SC _(i)(n)=zc _(i)*(k _(i)−1+n), n=0˜352  (Formula 14)

The N value, u_(i) and shift value k_(i) of each group of signallingsequences Seq₀˜Seq₁₂₇ are respectively determined from variouscorresponding predefined signalling sequence parameter tables below,i.e. table 4 to table 7.

The N value, u_(i) and shift value k_(i) of the first group of sequencesSeq₀˜Seq₁₂₇ are as shown in table 4 below.

TABLE 4 The first group of signalling sequence parameters N 353 u_(i), i= 0-217 1, 9, 10, 16, 18, 21, 28, 29, 32, 35, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57,59, 60, 61, 65, 68, 70, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88, 90, 95,96, 103, 113, 120, 123, 125, 126, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 140, 141,142, 145, 147, 148, 150, 151, 155, 156, 157, 161, 163, 165, 167, 170,176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 185, 187, 194, 200, 201, 204, 209, 210,217, 222, 223, 224, 225, 229, 232, 234, 235, 237, 239, 241, 244, 246,247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 262, 270, 272, 273, 280, 282,290, 291, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 313, 314, 315, 317, 320, 326, 327,330, 331, 333, 336, 338, 340, 342, 345, 347, 349 k_(i), i = 0-217 105,244, 172, 249, 280, 251, 293, 234, 178, 11, 63, 217, 83, 111, 282, 57,85, 134, 190, 190, 99, 180, 38, 191, 22, 254, 186, 308, 178, 251, 277,261, 44, 271, 265, 298, 328, 282, 155, 284, 303, 113, 315, 299, 166,342, 133, 115, 225, 13, 26, 326, 148, 195, 145, 185, 121, 58, 162, 118,151, 182, 230, 39, 249, 305, 309, 144, 188, 181, 265, 140, 212, 137, 10,298, 122, 281, 181, 267, 178, 187, 177, 352, 4, 353, 269, 38, 342, 288,277, 88, 124, 120, 162, 204, 174, 294, 166, 157, 56, 334, 110, 183, 131,171, 166, 321, 96, 37, 261, 155, 34, 149, 156, 267, 332, 93, 348, 300,245, 101, 186, 117, 329, 352, 215, 55

The generation steps of the second group of sequences seq₁₂₈˜Seq₂₅₅ arethe same as those of the first group, and the N value, u_(i) and shiftvalue k_(i) of thereof are as shown in table 5 below.

TABLE 5 The second group of signalling sequence parameters N 367 u_(i),i = 0-217 8, 9, 10, 15, 19, 21, 31, 34, 39, 49, 58, 59, 71, 76, 80, 119,120, 121, 123, 140, 142, 151, 154, 162, 166, 171, 184, 186, 188, 190,191, 193, 194, 195, 198, 203, 204, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214,215, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 233, 235, 236,237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 245, 249, 250, 252, 254, 257, 259, 260, 261,262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 271, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278,281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 289, 294, 297, 299, 302, 303, 306, 307,310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 316, 317, 321, 322, 323, 326, 327, 329, 331,332, 334, 338, 340, 342, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 356, 361, 363, 366k_(i), i = 0-217 198, 298, 346, 271, 345, 324, 160, 177, 142, 71, 354,290, 69, 144, 28, 325, 100, 55, 237, 196, 271, 210, 187, 277, 8, 313,53, 53, 194, 294, 36, 202, 69, 25, 18, 179, 318, 149, 11, 114, 254, 191,226, 138, 179, 341, 366, 176, 64, 50, 226, 23, 181, 26, 327, 141, 244,179, 74, 23, 256, 265, 223, 288, 127, 86, 345, 304, 260, 139, 312, 62,360, 107, 201, 301, 263, 257, 184, 329, 300, 81, 121, 49, 196, 201, 94,147, 346, 179, 59, 212, 83, 195, 145, 3, 119, 152, 310, 31, 134, 54,187, 131, 63, 276, 294, 142, 246, 54, 181, 121, 273, 276, 36, 47, 16,199, 243, 235, 194, 348, 95, 262, 52, 210, 115, 250

The generation steps of the third group of sequences Seq₂₅₆˜Seq₃₈₃ arethe same as those of the first group, and the N value, u_(i) and shiftvalue k_(i) of thereof are as shown in table 6 below.

TABLE 6 The third group of signalling sequence parameters N 359 u_(i), i= 0-217 1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 12, 14, 22, 29, 30, 32, 34, 60, 63, 65, 67, 72,74, 76, 78, 83, 84, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 99, 112, 115,123, 124, 128, 137, 141, 143, 145, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 159, 164,165, 169, 175, 179, 183, 186, 187, 188, 189, 192, 197, 199, 201, 202,203, 211, 215, 219, 220, 221, 223, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 234, 237,238, 239, 243, 246, 248, 249, 250, 252, 254, 257, 258, 261, 262, 273,274, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 297, 298, 300, 303, 308, 309, 310,312, 313, 314, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 333, 334,335, 336, 339, 341, 342, 344, 349, 351, 352, 355 k_(i), i = 0-217 300,287, 80, 119, 68, 330, 93, 359, 17, 93, 355, 308, 106, 224, 20, 18, 226,165, 320, 339, 352, 316, 241, 336, 119, 166, 258, 273, 302, 275, 46, 26,259, 330, 206, 46, 10, 308, 165, 195, 314, 330, 208, 148, 275, 15, 214,251, 8, 27, 264, 169, 128, 207, 21, 246, 14, 291, 345, 114, 306, 179,109, 336, 322, 149, 270, 253, 207, 152, 26, 190, 128, 137, 196, 268, 36,40, 253, 29, 264, 153, 221, 341, 116, 24, 55, 60, 171, 25, 100, 202, 37,93, 115, 174, 239, 148, 170, 37, 328, 37, 253, 237, 355, 39, 288, 225,223, 140, 163, 145, 264, 75, 29, 282, 252, 270, 30, 262, 271, 305, 122,78, 27, 127, 92, 6

The generation steps of the fourth group of sequences Seq₃₈₄˜Seq₅₁₁ arethe same as those of the first group, and the N value, u_(i) and shiftvalue k_(i) of thereof are as shown in table 7 below.

TABLE 7 The fourth group of signalling sequence parameters N 373 u_(i),i = 0-217 26, 28, 29, 34, 38, 40, 43, 49, 54, 57, 58, 62, 64, 65, 79,80, 81, 83, 85, 86, 87, 101, 102, 187, 189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 195,196, 198, 199, 200, 202, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 211, 213, 214, 216,217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 230, 232, 233,236, 237, 241, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255,256, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 275, 276, 280, 282, 283,284, 285, 289, 295, 297, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 307, 317, 320, 322,323, 325, 327, 328, 332, 338, 341, 342, 343, 348, 349, 351, 352, 353,355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 367, 369, 370, 372k_(i), i = 0-217 333, 337, 177, 125, 169, 270, 254, 88, 123, 310, 96,273, 120, 239, 157, 224, 62, 119, 19, 235, 136, 117, 237, 100, 244, 181,295, 249, 356, 9, 289, 139, 82, 171, 178, 292, 158, 308, 257, 42, 55,210, 320, 294, 100, 75, 79, 163, 195, 80, 303, 97, 271, 179, 359, 178,241, 281, 367, 58, 91, 7, 179, 39, 267, 245, 213, 286, 349, 172, 35,301, 361, 102, 301, 155, 1, 34, 96, 293, 202, 87, 176, 248, 319, 301,168, 280, 154, 244, 215, 370, 260, 117, 30, 329, 42, 149, 112, 125, 50,249, 197, 273, 230, 13, 142, 244, 335, 57, 21, 261, 48, 370, 110, 296,326, 224, 77, 112, 31, 262, 121, 38, 283, 323, 93, 94

In the (13)th arrangement and filling step, the fixed sequences andsignalling sequences obtained from the (11)th step and the (12)th stepare in an odd-even interlaced arrangement, and after filling virtualsubcarriers, the frequency-domain OFDM symbols are formed according tothe following formula,

$\begin{matrix}{{P\; 1{\_ X}(m)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}0 & {{m = 0},1,\ldots \mspace{14mu},158} \\{{SC}\left( \frac{m - 159}{2} \right)} & {{m = 159},161,163,{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 863}} \\{{FC}\left( \frac{m - 160}{2} \right)} & {{m = 160},162,164,{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 864}} \\0 & {{m = 865},866,{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 1023}}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 16} \right)\end{matrix}$

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the signalling sequence subcarriers,the fixed sequence subcarriers and the virtual subcarriers arrangedaccording to a second predetermined interlaced arrangement rule in theembodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, a first half part the signalling sequence in at theleft side of the dashed line in the figure is placed on odd-numberedsubcarriers, and in the other half part of the signalling sequence atthe right side of the dashed line in the figure is placed oneven-numbered subcarrier; and a first half part of the fixed sequence atthe left side of the dashed line is placed on even-numbered subcarriers,and the later half part of the fixed sequence at the right side of thedashed line is aced on odd-numbered subcarrier. That is to say, P1_X₀,P1_X₁, . . . , P1_X₁₀₂₃ is generated according to the second predefinedinterlaced arranged rule; in the first half part, the SC is placed atodd-numbered carriers, and the FC is placed at even-numbered carrier;and in the later half part, the SC is placed at even-numbered carriers,and the FC is placed at odd-numbered carriers. The odd-even positions ofthe signalling sequence and the fixed sequence in the first and thelater half part are interchanged. The odd-even positions of such fixedsequence subcarriers FC and signalling sequence subcarriers SC can beinterchanged, without any influence on the transmission performance.

When filling virtual carriers, i.e. zero sequence subcarriers, thelength of the zero sequence subcarriers filled at the left and the rightside can also be different, but are inappropriate to be different fromeach other too much.

Particularly optimized embodiments of frequency-domain symbols generatedaccording to the second predefined interlaced arrangement rule are givenbelow continuously. Generating the frequency-domain OFDM symbolaccording to the second predefined interlaced arrangement rule comprisesthe following step:

The (21)th fixed sequence generation step: this fixed sequencegeneration step is the same as the above-mentioned (11)th fixed sequencegeneration step, and only the value of the fixed sequence subcarriersradian value ω_(n) is determined through a second predefined fixedsubcarrier radian value table. The second predefined fixed subcarrierradian value table is as shown in table 8.

TABLE 8 The fixed subcarrier radian value table (according to the secondpredefined interlaced arrangement rule) 0.63 2.34 5.57 6.06 0.55 5.682.20 1.58 2.23 4.29 1.80 3.89 4.08 2.41 5.06 0.10 4.49 4.15 4.99 6.180.86 4.31 3.08 0.73 1.67 5.03 4.26 1.73 5.58 2.74 5.06 1.23 1.67 1.312.19 5.90 2.13 3.63 3.90 0.73 4.13 5.90 5.00 1.78 6.10 2.45 2.00 3.611.72 5.90 4.07 0.39 4.72 2.73 4.67 3.56 4.13 3.07 3.74 4.87 1.54 4.281.88 2.96 3.07 4.13 1.97 5.69 4.45 2.07 6.05 4.88 3.39 2.55 5.83 1.861.65 4.23 0.46 3.24 1.39 0.19 0.66 4.13 4.83 2.26 2.19 3.06 5.66 0.665.19 5.04 4.62 3.64 0.66 3.52 1.18 4.18 5.93 5.51 1.05 2.18 5.87 1.270.92 0.66 5.75 0.16 5.04 0.54 5.68 0.13 4.76 0.56 1.57 1.59 4.50 3.180.82 3.84 4.39 5.53 2.25 3.20 4.04 6.03 4.41 0.32 1.39 5.06 4.67 3.204.63 0.88 6.00 3.99 0.31 3.72 4.17 3.37 4.77 0.30 4.85 2.65 0.88 3.131.77 6.05 0.46 1.93 4.25 1.47 6.12 1.18 3.19 3.00 2.88 5.43 1.01 2.962.16 1.17 4.77 6.07 5.32 3.55 1.64 4.35 5.10 3.87 2.79 4.57 0.51 3.272.42 1.52 1.40 0.19 0.35 4.96 6.04 4.90 5.47 5.55 1.40 1.91 4.62 4.222.11 4.14 2.33 2.75 2.68 2.06 4.86 0.34 0.47 3.13 2.97 0.05 5.75 1.516.22 2.48 5.10 5.20 2.18 2.31 4.29 3.09 3.93 5.47 3.22 1.84 4.67 1.353.04 0.60 0.62 5.09 6.04 5.39 2.71 2.47 1.86 2.69 1.75 4.94 5.98 1.085.99 3.84 3.67 5.53 1.59 5.60 1.22 5.35 4.44 2.72 5.97 5.08 2.32 0.134.52 2.18 1.36 5.72 4.76 2.98 5.30 1.71 4.31 2.05 1.68 4.61 3.86 2.525.36 2.39 3.29 1.47 6.05 0.48 5.57 1.29 4.88 5.97 0.53 0.88 5.43 2.123.97 2.61 2.51 0.50 6.00 5.86 5.35 1.15 5.38 4.42 5.05 0.96 2.41 4.840.79 4.99 0.51 1.32 5.09 1.33 2.83 2.27 4.36 0.53 5.89 4.98 5.33 2.122.35 0.59 1.94 1.65 4.44 2.99 4.37 0.01 1.64 0.08 5.34 4.09 2.14 3.313.69 1.38 5.95 3.31 2.44 4.81 4.03 4.80 0.39 3.28 4.57 0.30 4.66 2.214.22 2.20 3.98 4.78 3.97 6.17 5.59 2.78 5.92 3.61 1.41 0.88 5.24 5.472.38 2.42 3.22 5.38 5.02 5.10 3.06 2.43 1.51 4.52 4.85

The (22)th signalling sequence generation step: this signalling sequencegeneration step is the same as the above-mentioned (12)th signallingsequence generation step.

The (23)th arrangement and filling step: the signalling sequences andfixed sequences obtained from the (21)th step and the (22)th step are inan odd-even and then even-odd interlaced arrangement, and after fillingzero subcarriers at the left and the right side thereof, thefrequency-domain OFDM symbols are formed according to the followingformula,

$\begin{matrix}{{P\; 1{\_ X}(m)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}0 & {{m = 0},1,\ldots \mspace{14mu},158} \\{{SC}\left( \frac{m - 159}{2} \right)} & {{m = 159},161,{{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 159} + {176*2}}} \\{{FC}\left( \frac{m - 159 - 1}{2} \right)} & {{m = 160},162,{160 + {176*2}}} \\{{FC}\left( \frac{m - 159}{2} \right)} & {{m = {161 + {176*2\text{,}163} + {176*2}}},{159 + {352*2}}} \\{{SC}\left( \frac{m - 159 - 1}{2} \right)} & {{m = {162 + {176*2\text{,}164} + {176*2}}},{{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 160} + {352*2}}} \\0 & {{m = 865},{\ldots \mspace{14mu} 1023}}\end{matrix} \right.} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 17} \right)\end{matrix}$

Receiving Method

This embodiment also provides a preamble symbol receiving method. Thepreamble symbol receiving method is applicable to a preamble symbolgenerated by a transmitting end with a predefined generation rule.

In the predefined generation rule, the generated preamble symbolcontains all the technological factors involved in the firstthree-segment structure and/or the second three-segment structuredescribed above from the view of time domain in this embodiment, and/orcontains all the technological factors involved in for example thefrequency-domain structure I described above from the view of frequencydomain in this embodiment, which will not be described herein anymore.Therefore, in brief, the applicable predefined generation rule containsthe above-mentioned preamble symbol generation method described from theview of time-domain and the frequency-domain symbol generation methoddescribed from the view of frequency domain without loss of generality.

A preamble symbol generated according to the predefined generation rulerespectively has the above-mentioned three-segment structure, and hasthe above-mentioned frequency-domain structure I. Description is madebelow with regard to the preamble symbol receiving method.

This embodiment also provides a preamble symbol receiving method,comprising the following steps:

step S11: processing a received signal;

step S12: judging whether the processed signal contains theabove-mentioned preamble symbol with a three-segment structure desiredto be received; and

step S13: in the case where a judgement result above is yes, determiningthe position of the preamble symbol and resolving signalling informationcarried by the preamble symbol,

wherein the received preamble symbol comprises: a preamble symbolgenerated by a transmitting end through a free combination of any numberof first three-segment structures and/or second three-segment structuresaccording to a predefined generation rule, which contains at least onetime-domain symbol.

The first three-segment structure as stated above contains: atime-domain main body signal, a prefix generated based on the entiretyor a portion of the time-domain main body signal, and a postfixgenerated based on the entirety or a portion of a partial time-domainmain body signal.

The second three-segment structure as stated above contains: thetime-domain main body signal, the prefix generated based on the entiretyor a portion of the time-domain main body signal, and a hyper prefixgenerated based on the entirety or a portion of a partial time-domainmain body signal.

As stated in step S11, the received physical frame signal is processedto obtain a baseband signal. A signal received by the receiving end isgenerally an analogue signal, thus analog-to-digital conversion shouldbe performed thereon to obtain a digital signal at first, thenprocessing such as filtering, down-sampling or the like is performed toobtain the baseband signal. It should be noted that if the receiving endreceives an intermediate frequency signal, after performinganalog-to-digital conversion processing thereon, frequency spectrumshift is also required, then processing such as filtering, down-samplingor the like is performed to obtain the baseband signal

As stated in step S12: whether the baseband signal contains theabove-mentioned preamble symbol with a three-segment structure desiredto be received is judged.

Specifically, first of all, the receiving end will judge whether thereceived baseband signal contains the preamble symbol desired to bereceived, i.e. whether the received signal meets a receiving standard;for example, if the receiving end needs to receive data of DVB_T2standard, whether the received signal contains a preamble symbol of theDVB_T2 standard should be judged; in the same way, here, whether thereceived signal contains a time-domain symbol with a C-A-B and/or B-C-Athree-segment structure needs to be judged.

The steps of judging whether the processed received signal obtainedcontains the preamble symbol desired to be received, determining theposition of the preamble symbol and solving signalling informationcarried by the preamble symbol, i.e. the above-mentioned steps S12 andS13, contain at least any one of the following steps: initial timingsynchronization, an integral multiple of frequency offset estimation,fine timing synchronization, channel estimation, decoding analysis andfractional frequency offset estimation.

Any one or a free combination of any at least two methods can be used toconduct reliability judgement, i.e. judging if the processed signalcontains the preamble symbol desired to be received: an initial timingsynchronization method, an integer frequency offset estimation method, afine timing synchronization method, a channel estimation method, adecoding result analysis method and a fractional frequency offsetestimation method.

Step S12 contains S12-1 the initial timing synchronization method forpreliminarily determining the position of the preamble symbol in thephysical frame, and also contains S12-2 judging whether the basebandsignal contains the above-mentioned preamble symbol with a three-segmentstructure desired to be received, base on a result of the initial timingsynchronization method. With regard to the initial timingsynchronization method, the initial timing synchronization can becompleted by using any one or a combination of both of the initialtiming synchronization method ({circle around (1)}) and the initialtiming synchronization method ({circle around (2)}) below.

Initial Timing Synchronization Method ({circle around (1)})

Initial timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)}) isspecifically introduced below. Initial timing synchronization method({circle around (1)}) contains the following steps:

-   -   conducting necessary inverse processing and/or signal        demodulation on the signal, which has been processed, using an        processing relationship between any two of the cyclic prefix,        the time-domain main body signal and the modulation signal, and        then performing delayed moving auto-correlation to acquire an        accumulation correlation value; and    -   performing delay relationship match and/or a specific        mathematical calculation based on the accumulation correlation        value, and then using a processed value obtained for the initial        timing synchronization, so as to preliminarily determine the        position of the preamble symbol.

According to processing relationships and/or modulation relationshipsbetween the third part C, the first part A and the second part B in thethree-segment structure desired to be received, necessary inverseprocessing and/or signal demodulation, and then delayed movingauto-correlation are performed on the baseband signal, to obtain any oneor any at least two of three accumulation correlation values between thethird part C and the first part A, between the first part A and thesecond part B, and between the third par C and the second part B in theobtained three-segment structure, i.e. U_(ca)′(n), U_(cb)′(n), andU_(ab)′(n). A correlation value to be detected is obtained based on atleast one of the accumulation correlation value.

For example, assuming that the three-segment structure is C-A-Bstructure,

-   -   based on the delay relationship between the third part C and the        first part A, delayed moving auto-correlation is performed on        the received signal, for which the delayed correlation        expression U_(ca)(n) and the delayed accumulation correlation        value U_(ca)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{ca}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A}} \right)}}}{{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{{Len}_{C}}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{Len}_{C} - 1}\; {U_{ca}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 18\text{-}1};{18\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Energy normalization can optionally be conducted on U_(ca)′(n)

That is,

$\begin{matrix}{{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)} = \frac{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)}{0.5\frac{1}{{Len}_{C}}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{Len}_{C} - 1}\left( {{{r\left( {n - k} \right)}}^{2} + {{r\left( {n - k - N_{A}} \right)}}^{2}} \right)}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 19} \right)\end{matrix}$

Based on the processing relationship between the second part B segmentand the third part C segment and a modulation frequency offset value,delayed moving auto-correlation is performed on the received signal, andthe frequency offset is demodulated; note that the delayed correlationexpression U_(cb)(n) and the delayed accumulation correlation valueU_(cb)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{cb}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A} - N_{A} + {N\; 1}} \right)}e^{{- {jnf}_{SH}}T}}}{{U_{cb}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{corr\_ len}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{{cor}\; r\; \_ \; {len}} - 1}\; {U_{cb}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 20\text{-}1};{20\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Also, energy normalization can be conducted on U_(cb)′(n).

Based on the processing relationship between the second part B and thefirst part A and a modulation frequency offset value, delayed movingcorrelation is performed on the received signal, for which the delayedcorrelation expression U_(ab)(n) and the delayed accumulationcorrelation value U_(ab)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{ab}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A} + {N\; 1}} \right)}e^{{- {jnf}_{SH}}T}}}{{U_{ab}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{corr\_ len}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{{cor}\; r\; \_ \; {len}} - 1}\; {U_{ab}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 21\text{-}1};{21\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Also, energy normalization can be conducted on U_(ab)′(n).

corr_len can not only be taken as 1/f_(SH)T to avoid continuous waveinterference, but also can be taken as Len_(B) to obtain a sharp peak.

Performing required delay match and mathematical calculation using thedelayed accumulation correlation values U_(ca)′(n), U_(cb)′(n), andU_(ab)′(n); the mathematical calculation contains multiplication oraddition, using such as U_(cb)′(n)·U_(ab)′*(n) or

U_(ca)′(n−N_(A)+N1)·U_(cb)′(n)·U_(cb)′*(n) to obtain an calculationvalue, i.e. the correlation value 1 to be detected.

FIG. 7 is a logic diagram of obtaining correlation result to be detectedcorresponding to a three-segment structure CAB in the embodiments of thepresent invention. C, A and B in the Figure respectively indicate thelength of segment C, segment A and segment B of a signal, and a movingaverage filter can be a power normalization filter, where A is N_(A), Bis Len_(B) and C is Len_(C).

For example, assuming that the three-segment structure is B-C-Astructure,

-   -   based on the delay relationship between the third part C and the        first part A, delayed moving auto-correlation is performed on        the received signal, for which the delayed correlation        expression U_(ca)(n) and the delayed accumulation correlation        value U_(ca)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{ca}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A}} \right)}}}{{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{{Len}_{C}}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{Len}_{C} - 1}\; {U_{ca}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 22\text{-}1};{22\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Energy normalization can be conducted on U_(ca)′(n).

That is,

$\begin{matrix}{{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)} = \frac{U_{ca}^{\prime}(n)}{0.5\frac{1}{{Len}_{C}}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{Len}_{C} - 1}\left( {{{r\left( {n - k} \right)}}^{2} + {{r\left( {n - k - N_{A}} \right)}}^{2}} \right)}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 23} \right)\end{matrix}$

Based on the processing relationship between the second part B segmentand the third part C segment and a modulation frequency offset value,delayed moving auto-correlation is performed on the received signal, andthe frequency offset is demodulated; note that the delayed correlationexpression U_(cb)(n) and the delayed accumulation correlation valueU_(cb)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{cb}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A} + {N\; 1}} \right)}e^{{- {jnf}_{SH}}T}}}{{U_{cb}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{corr\_ len}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{{cor}\; r\; \_ \; {len}} - 1}\; {U_{cb}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 24\text{-}1};{24\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Also, energy normalization can be conducted on U_(cb)′(n).

Based on the processing relationship between the second part B segmentand the first part A segment and a modulation frequency offset value,delayed moving correlation is performed on the received signal, forwhich the delayed correlation expression U_(ab)(n) and the delayedaccumulation correlation value U_(ab)′(n) are as follows:

$\begin{matrix}{{{U_{ab}(n)} = {{r(n)}{r^{*}\left( {n - N_{A} - N_{A} + {N\; 1}} \right)}e^{{- {jnf}_{SH}}T}}}{{U_{ab}^{\prime}(n)} = {\frac{1}{corr\_ len}{\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{{{cor}\; r\; \_ \; {len}} - 1}\; {U_{ab}\left( {n - k} \right)}}}}} & \left( {{{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 25\text{-}1};{25\text{-}2}} \right)\end{matrix}$

Also, energy normalization can be conducted on U_(ab)′(n).

corr_len can be valued at 1/f_(SH)T to avoid continuous waveinterference, or can be valued at Len_(B) to enable a peak to be sharp.

Performing required delay match and mathematical calculation by usingthe delayed accumulation correlation values U_(ca)′(n), U_(cb)′(n), andU_(ab)′(n); the mathematical calculation contains addition ormultiplication, using such as U_(cb)′*(n−N_(A))·U_(ab)′(n) orU_(ca)′(n)·U_(cb)′*(n−N_(A))·U_(ab)′(n) to obtain an calculation value,i.e. the correlation value 2 to be detected.

FIG. 8 is a logic diagram of obtaining correlation result to be detectedcorresponding to a three-segment structure BCA in the embodiments of thepresent invention.

Only one set of receiving resources are needed for the same portion inFIG. 7 and FIG. 8, they are shown in a separated mode for the sake ofclarity. C, A and B in the Figure respectively indicate the length ofsegment C, segment A and segment B of a signal, and a moving averagefilter can be a power normalization filter, where A is N_(A), B isLen_(B) and C is Len_(C).

A correlation value for preliminary timing synchronization are formedbased on the correlation result 1 to be detected and/or the correlationresult 2 to be detected.

Further, when both the following two situations (a) and (b) arecontained in preamble symbol transmission,

-   -   (a) the time-domain main body signal contains known information;    -   (b) and it is detected that the time-domain symbol has the C-A-B        three-segment structure,    -   the initial timing synchronization can be completed by means of        any one or a combination of both of the above-mentioned initial        timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)}) and the        initial timing synchronization method ({circle around (2)})        below. When the two synchronization methods are completed, a        first preliminary synchronization calculation value obtained via        the initial timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)})        and a second preliminary synchronization calculation value        obtained via the initial timing synchronization method ({circle        around (2)}) are weighted, and initial timing synchronization is        completed based on the weighted arithmetic value.

Initial Timing Synchronization Method ({circle around (2)})

Initial timing synchronization method ({circle around (2)}) isspecifically introduced in the following.

When any C-A-B and/or B-C-A main body signal A contains knowninformation, such as a fixed subcarrier, or such as when a preamblesymbol contains several time-domain symbols with a C-A-B and/or a B-C-Athree-segment structure, and a main body signal A of some of thetime-domain symbols is a known signal, that is, when any time-domainmain body signal in the preamble symbol contains a known signal, theinitial timing synchronization method ({circle around (2)}) comprises:performing differential operation on the time-domain main body signal Ain accordance with predefined N differential values, and performingdifferential operation on a time-domain signal corresponding to knowninformation as well, then correlating the two to obtain N sets ofdifferential correlated results corresponding to the N differentialvalues on a one-to-one basis, and performing initial synchronizationbased on the N sets of differential correlated results to obtainprocessed values which are used for preliminarily determining theposition of the preamble symbol, where N≥1.

The particular process of differential correlation in the initial timingsynchronization method ({circle around (2)}) is described below; and asingle set of differential correlation process is introduced at first.

A differential value is determined; differential operation is conductedon received baseband data according to the differential value;differential operation is also performed on a local time-domain sequencecorresponding to known information according to the differential value;and then results of the two differential operations are correlated, toobtain a differential correlation result corresponding to thedifferential value. The calculation process for the single set ofdifferential correlation result is same with the prior art. Assumingthat the differential value is D, and the received baseband data isr_(n); and the description for each particular formula is as follows:

First of all, differential operation is conducted on the receivedbaseband data according to the differential value.

Z _(m) ^((D)) =r _(m) r* _(m-D)  (Formula 26)

After the differential operation, phase rotation brought about bycarrier frequency offset has become a fixed carrier phase e^(j2πDΔf),where Δf indicates the carrier frequency offset.

At the same time, differential operation is also performed on the atime-domain sequence (such as, obtaining the corresponding time-domainsequence by filling fixed subcarrier according to correspondingpositions, and adding zero at the rest of the positions and performingIFFT).

c _(n) ^((D)) =s _(n) s* _(n-D) n=D, . . . ,L−1  (Formula 27)

The received data after the differential operation and the localdifferential sequence are correlated, to obtain

$\begin{matrix}{R_{{dc},m}^{(D)} = {\sum\limits_{n = D}^{L - D}\; {z_{n + m}^{(D)}\left\lbrack c_{n}^{(D)} \right\rbrack}^{*}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 28} \right)\end{matrix}$

In the case where a system has neither multipath nor noise,

$\begin{matrix}{R_{{dc},m}^{(D)} = {{\sum\limits_{n = D}^{L - D}\; {z_{n + m}^{(D)}\left\lbrack c_{n}^{(D)} \right\rbrack}^{*}} = {e^{j\; 2\pi \; D\; \Delta \; f}{\sum\limits_{n = D}^{L - D}\; {c_{n + m}^{(D)}\left\lbrack c_{n}^{(D)} \right\rbrack}^{*}}}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 29} \right)\end{matrix}$

R_(dc,m) ^((D)) can well provide a correlation peak, and the peak is notaffected by the carrier offset. A frame synchronization/timingsynchronization position is obtained using the following formula

$\begin{matrix}{{\hat{n}}_{0} = {\underset{m}{\arg \mspace{14mu} \max}\mspace{14mu} \left\{ {R_{{dc},m}^{(D)}} \right\}}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 30} \right)\end{matrix}$

It can be seen from the above-mentioned process of single set ofdifferential correlation calculation that a differential correlationalgorithm can resist the influence from any large carrier frequencyoffset; however, since differential operation is performed on a receivedsequence at first, signal noise is enhanced, and with a lowsignal-to-noise ratio, the noise enhancement is very serious, leading tosignificant deterioration of the signal-to-noise ratio.

In order to avoid the aforementioned problem, not only a single set ofdifferent value is used for correlation calculation, a plurality of setsof differential correlation calculations can be implemented, forexample, taking the value of N to be 64 to implement 64 sets ofdifferential correlation, thus obtaining R_(dc(0),m) ^((D(0))),R_(dc(1),m) ^((D(1))), . . . , R_(dc(N-1),m) ^((D(N-1))). D(0), D(1), .. . , D(N−1) are the N different differential values selected.

Specific mathematical calculation is performed on N results, to obtain afinal correlation result.

In this embodiment, with respect to a plurality of sets of differentialcorrelation (64 sets), a differential value can be selected either ofthe two predefined differential selection rule based on the performancerequirement of a transmission system:

(1) a first predefined differential selection rule: the differentialvalue D(i) is arbitrarily selected as N different values and satisfiesD(i)<L, where L is the length of a local time-domain sequencecorresponding to the know information.

(2) a second predefined differential selection rule: the differentialvalue D(i) is N different values in arithmetic progression and satisfiesD(i)<L, i.e D(i+1)−D(i)=K. and K is a constant integer satisfying

${K < \frac{L}{N}},$

where L is the length of a local time-domain sequence corresponding tothe know information.

Predefined processing calculation are performed on the N (64) results toobtain a final correlation result, there are two preferred embodimentsfor the predefined processing calculation here, and elaboration will beprovided respectively.

First predefined processing calculation:

the differential value D(i) can be arbitrarily selected as N differentvalues and satisfies D(i)<L. Due to the arbitrarily selecteddifferential value D(i), the phase e^(j2πD(i)Δf) i=0, . . . , N−1 aftereach set of differential correlation is different from one another, andcan not be directly added as vectors, weighted addition or average canbe only conducted on absolute values. Predefined processing calculationare performed on N different differential correlation results throughthe following formula, to obtain a final differential result. Theformula below is an example of obtaining a final differential result byabsolute value addition.

$\begin{matrix}{{R_{{dc},m} = {{\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{N - 1}\; {{{abs}\left( R_{{{dc}{(i)}},m}^{({D{(i)}})} \right)}\mspace{14mu} i}} = 0}},{{\ldots \; N} - 1}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 31} \right)\end{matrix}$

Second predefined processing calculation:

-   -   the differential value D(i) can be arbitrarily selected as N        different values and satisfies D(i)<L, and satisfies that D(i)        is a arithmetic progression, i.e. D(i+1)−D(i)=K; and K is a        constant integer satisfying

$K < {\frac{L}{N}.}$

-   -   differential values are selected according to such rules; after        obtaining a differential correlation value such as R_(dc(0),m)        ^((D(0))), R_(dc(1),m) ^((D(1))), . . . , R_(dc(N-1),m)        ^((D(N-1))), conjugate multiplication are conducted on adjacent        two sets of differential correlation values, to obtain N−1        values after the conjugate multiplication through the following        formula.

$\begin{matrix}{{{RM}_{i,m} = {{{R_{{{dc}{(i)}},m}^{({D{(i)}})} \cdot \left( R_{{{dc}{({i + 1})}},m}^{({D{({i + 1})}})} \right)^{*}}\mspace{14mu} i} = 0}},1,2,\ldots \;,{N - 2}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 32} \right)\end{matrix}$

Originally different phases e^(j2πD(i)Δf) for each set are changed intothe same phase e^(j2πKΔf) by means of the conjugate multiplication;therefore, weighted vector addition or average can be conducted on theobtained N−1 sets of RM_(i,m) to obtain the final differential result,thus obtaining better performance than the first predefined processingcalculation. The formula below is an example of obtaining a finaldifferential result by vector addition.

$\begin{matrix}{{R_{{dc},m} = {{\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{N - 2}\; {{RM}_{i,m}\mspace{14mu} i}} = 0}},{{\ldots \; N} - 1}} & \left( {{Formula}\mspace{14mu} 33} \right)\end{matrix}$

It should be noted that, when the differential value D(i) is obtainedusing the above-mentioned second predefined differential selection rule,a final correlation result can not only be obtained by conductingweighted vector addition or average on values after conjugatemultiplication according to the second predefined processingcalculation, the final correlation result but also can be obtained bydirectly conducting weighted absolute value addition or average on atleast two differential correlation result according to theabove-mentioned first predefined processing calculation.

A correlation value for initial timing synchronization is obtained onthe basis of calculation R_(dc,m).

Regardless of whether the initial timing synchronization method ({circlearound (1)}) or the initial timing synchronization method ({circlearound (2)}), assuming that a received signal contains a desiredpreamble symbol, the position of the maximum value of the correlationvalue for initial timing synchronization located in a certain range canbe taken as the position of the preamble symbol in the physical frame. Avalue corresponding to this value is used to further judge whether thereceived signal contains the desired preamble symbol, or the position isused to conduct subsequent operations, such as an integral frequencymultiple of offset estimation and/or decoding, so as to further judgewhether the received signal contains the desired preamble symbol.

Based on a result of the above-mentioned initial timing synchronizationmethod, whether the processed signal, i.e. the baseband signal, containsthe above-mentioned preamble symbol with a three-segment structuredesired to be received is judged. It particularly comprises: makingdetection based on a result of initial timing synchronization, if thedetected result satisfies a pre-set condition, then it is determinedthat the baseband signal contains the preamble symbol containing thethree-segment structure and desired to be received. Further,satisfaction of the pre-set condition here can not only refer to thefact that a result of initial timing synchronization satisfies a pre-setcondition, but also can refer to the fact that when whether thecondition is satisfied cannot be determined enough according to theresult of initial timing synchronization itself, whether the conditionis satisfied is further determined according to subsequent other steps,such as an integer frequency offset estimation and/or decoding result.

Assuming that the judgement is made directly according to the result ofinitial timing synchronization, the judgement can be made based onwhether a pre-set condition is satisfied; the pre-set condition containsmaking a judgement by performing specific calculation on the result ofinitial timing synchronization, and then judging whether the maximumvalue of an calculation result exceeds a threshold.

Specifically, in the particular implementation of the above-mentionedinitial timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)}), two sets ofdelayed accumulation correlation values can be obtained according to apredefined acquisition rule and/or a predefined processing rule betweenpart C, part A and part B of the first three-segment structure and thesecond three-segment structure, and each set include 3 values; two setsof correlation results to be detected are generated based on at leastone of the three delayed accumulation correlation values in each of the2 sets; thus the results are detected, and whether the preamble symbolcontains a three-segment structure, and which three-segment structure iscontained are judged.

For example, if the first set of correlation results to be detectedsatisfy the pre-set condition, then it is determined that the basebandsignal contains a preamble symbol with the first three-segmentstructure; if the second set of correlation results to be detectedsatisfy the pre-condition, then it is determined that the basebandsignal contains a preamble symbol with the second three-segmentstructure; and the two sets both satisfy the pre-set condition, then itindicates that the preamble symbol contains the two three-segmentstructures at the same time.

When the transmitting end selects a different start point of the secondportion (i.e., the postfix/modulation signal) from the first portion(i.e., the time-domain main body signal) to transmit a signalling, theinitial timing synchronization parses emergency broadcast through anyone or a free combination of any two of: differently sending emergencybroadcast and common broadcast by utilizing different delayrelationships between the same content in the third part and the secondpart and different delay relationships corresponding to the same contentin the first and second portions.

By way of example, the receiving end will implement step S12-1 containedin step S12 in a plurality of branches: the initial timingsynchronization method for preliminarily determining the position of thepreamble symbol, and then based on a plurality of correlation results tobe detected, judging whether a preamble symbol desired to be receivedexists, and parsing transmitted time-domain signalling.

For example, when B is obtained by truncating the preamble symbolaccording to the positions N1 of different start points of A, and theposition of the start point can be used for transmitting Q bit(s) ofsignalling, the delayed moving correlation for some value N1 above isdefined as a branch. Each branch contains the above-mentioned 3 delayedaccumulation correlation values. The receiving end implements theabove-mentioned delayed moving auto-correlation branch with 2^(Q)different N1 values, and then judges whether the desired preamble symbolexists according to the absolute value of 2^(Q) U₂′(n)·U₃′*(n) orU_(ca)′(n−N_(A)+N1)·U_(cb)′(n)·U_(ab)′*(n).

If neither of the absolute values exceeds a threshold, then it indicatesthat the baseband signal does not contain a signal desired to bereceived. Such as, N1 is valued at 504 or 520 to transmit 1 bit ofemergency alarm or broadcast system identifier, wherein N1=520 indicatesa normal preamble symbol, and N1=504 indicates an emergency alarm orbroadcast system; then step S21-1 is carried out in 2 branches.

For example, for a branch in which an emergency alarm broadcast flag is0, i.e. N1=520, the following are adopted:

-   -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 1024 sampling points with the received signal;    -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 1528 sampling points with the received signal of        which a frequency offset is demodulated;    -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 504 sampling points with the received signal of        which a frequency offset is demodulated; and

For example, for a branch in which an emergency alarm broadcast flag is1, i.e. N1=504, the following are adopted:

-   -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 1024 sampling points with the received signal of        which a frequency offset is demodulated;    -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 1544 sampling points with the received signal of        which a frequency offset is demodulated;    -   performing moving auto-correlation on the received signal which        is delayed by 520 sampling points with the received signal of        which a frequency offset is demodulated.

When a threshold is taken as a pre-set condition to judge whether thereceived signal contains the preamble symbol desired to be received, ifthe maximum value of the correlation value to be detected of a branchwith N1=520 exceeds the threshold, the it indicates that the basebandsignal is a desired signal, and a preamble symbol appears EAS_flag=0; onthe contrary, if the maximum value of the correlation value to bedetected while N1=504 exceeds the threshold, it indicates thatEAS_flag=1; and if neither of the two sets exceeds the threshold, itindicates that the baseband signal is not a desired signal.

When the preamble symbol utilizes only one of the first three-segmentstructure and the second three-segment structure to identifynon-emergency broadcast, the other one is used to identify emergencybroadcast; and parsing is conducted through the following.

The above-mentioned step S12-1 for two branches corresponding to the twothree-segment structures can be obtained in step S12-1 according to thepredefined acquisition rule and/or the predefined processing rulebetween part C, part A and part B of the first three-segment structureand the second three-segment structure, and each branch includes 3values; and step S12-2 contains detecting a correlation value to bedetected of each of the two branches. If a detection result for a firstbranch satisfies a pre-set condition, then it is determined that thebaseband signal contains the first three-segment structure desired to bereceived, and it indicates that EAS_flag=0; if a detection result for asecond branch satisfies a pre-set condition, then it is determined thatthe baseband signal contains the second three-segment structure desiredto be received, and it indicates that EAS_flag=1; and if it is the casewhere the two branches both satisfy the condition, another judgementshould be made, for example, emergency broadcast can be judged accordingto the obviousness of two peak-to-noise ratios.

Further, after the initial timing synchronization is preliminarilycompleted, initial timing synchronization results from method ({circlearound (1)}) and/or method ({circle around (2)}) can also be used forfractional frequency offset estimation.

When a preliminary timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)})is used, a second fractional frequency offset value can be calculated bytaking the angle of the maximum value in U_(ca)′(n); after conductingconjugate multiplication on U_(cb)′(n) and U_(ab)′(n) (corresponding toa C-A-B structure) or conducting conjugate multiplication on U_(ab)′(n)and U_(cb)′(n−N_(A)) (corresponding to a B-C-A structure), a thirdfractional frequency offset value can be calculated by taking an anglecorresponding to the maximum value. As shown in the schematic portion inFIG. 7 and FIG. 8 above, an angle in a logical calculation block is usedfor obtaining the fractional frequency offset, and fractional frequencyoffset estimation can be conducted using any one or two of the secondfractional frequency offset and the third fractional frequency offset.

For an algorithm for fractional frequency offset estimation, by way ofexample, when a preliminary timing synchronization method ({circlearound (2)}) is used,

${R_{{dc},m} = {{\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{N - 2}\; {{RM}_{i,m}\mspace{14mu} i}} = 0}},{{\ldots \; N} - 1},$

the maximum value thereof is taken, and a corresponding phase ise^(j2πKΔf); Δf can be calculated and converted to the first fractionalfrequency offset value.

When the sent preamble symbol contains features required in implementingthe preliminary timing synchronization method ({circle around (1)}) andthe preliminary timing synchronization method ({circle around (2)}), afractional frequency offset estimation value is obtained using any oneor a combination of any two of the first, the second and the thirdfractional frequency offset value.

It should be noted that, considering the influence of offset in systemsampling, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a delay number that thereshould be can be adjusted in a certain range, for example, incrementingor decrementing the delay number that some delayed correlator by one, toobtain three delay numbers, i.e. the delay number per se, the delaynumber incremented by one, and the delay number decremented by one; thena plurality of delayed moving auto-correlation are then performedaccording to the obtained adjusted delay numbers and the delay numberthat there should be, for example, implementing delayed movingauto-correlation according to the three delay numbers, then selectingthe one with the most obvious correlation result; at the same time, atiming offset can be estimated using the correlation result.

Without loss of generality, if the preamble symbol contains othertime-domain properties besides having a C-A-B or B-C-A structure,besides using the timing synchronization method with the above-mentionedC-A-B or B-C-A structural feature, using a timing synchronization methoddirected at other time domain structural features does not depart fromthe scope of description of the present invention.

Step S12-2 contains the initial timing synchronization method forpreliminarily determining the position of the preamble symbol in aphysical frame. Further, after initial synchronization, the integerfrequency offset estimation can further be conducted based on a resultobtained from the initial timing synchronization method.

Further, when the time-domain main body signal A correspond to theabove-mentioned frequency-domain structure I, the receiving end can alsoperform an integer frequency offset estimation using a fixed sequence,that is, the preamble symbol of the present invention can also be usedfor the integer frequency offset estimation in the following steps:

-   -   1) truncating a signal containing the fixed subcarrier,        according to the determined position of the preamble symbol;    -   2) performing calculation on the received signal containing a        fixed subcarrier, with a frequency-domain fixed subcarrier        sequence or a time-domain signal corresponding to the        frequency-domain fixed subcarrier sequence, so as to realize an        integer frequency offset estimation.

Explanation below is provided for the integer frequency offsetestimation method based on the result of the initial timingsynchronization, and the steps of the integer frequency offsetestimation include any one or a combination of any two of the particularmethods below:

-   -   a first integer frequency offset estimation method contains:        according to a result of the initial timing synchronization,        truncating to get a section of time-domain signal containing the        entirety or a portion of the time-domain main body signal,        modulating the truncated section of time-domain signal with        different frequency offsets in a frequency sweeping manner, to        obtain N frequency sweeping time-domain signals corresponding to        the offset values on a one-to-one basis, and after performing        moving correlation between a known time-domain signal obtained        by performing inverse transform on a known frequency-domain        sequence and each frequency sweeping time-domain signal,        comparing the maximum correlation peaks of N correlation        results, regarding a frequency offset value by which a frequency        sweeping time-domain signal corresponding to the maximum        correlation result is modulated as the integer frequency offset        estimation value; and/or    -   a second integer frequency offset estimation method contains:    -   performing Fourier transform on the time-domain signal which is        truncated to the length of the time-domain main body signal        according to the result of the initial timing synchronization,        conducting cyclic shift on the obtained frequency-domain        subcarriers using different shift values within a frequency        sweeping range, truncating to get a received sequence        corresponding to a valid subcarrier, performing predefined        calculation and then inverse transform on the received sequence        and the known frequency-domain sequence, performing selection        from several groups of inverse transform results corresponding        to the shift values on a one-to-one basis to obtain a        corresponding shift value, and obtaining the integer frequency        offset estimation value according to a corresponding        relationship between the shift value and the integer frequency        offset estimation value.

The integral frequency offset estimation method is described inparticular by way of example. For example, the time-domain main bodysignal correspondingly has the above-mentioned frequency-domainstructure I, that is, the frequency-domain OFDM symbol comprises threeparts respectively, i.e. virtual subcarriers, signalling sequence(referred to as SC) subcarriers and fixed sequence (referred to as FC)subcarriers, then a known frequency-domain sequence recited below is afixed subcarrier.

The first integer frequency offset estimation method contains: accordingto a result of the initial timing synchronization, truncating to get asection of time-domain waveform containing the entirety or a portion ofthe time-domain main body signal, modulating the section of time-domainwaveform with different frequency offsets in a frequency sweeping mode,i.e. in a fixed frequency changing step, such as corresponding to aninteger subcarrier spacing, to obtain several time-domain signals.

A1_(y)(nT)=r(nT)·e ^(j2πynTf) ^(s) ^(/N) ^(A)   (Formula 34)

-   -   where T is the sampling period, and f_(s) is the sampling        frequency. The time-domain signal obtained by filling with known        frequency-domain sequence in a predefined subcarrier filling        mode and performing inverse Fourier transform on same is A2; and        moving correlation is performed on A2, which is taken as a known        signal, and each A1_(y), so as to select the A1_(y) with        corresponds to the maximum correlation peak, then the        corresponding modulation frequency offset value y is the integer        frequency offset estimation value.

The frequency sweeping range corresponds to a frequency offset rangerequirement that the system needs to meet, for example, the system needsto cope with a frequency offset of 500 k, and a sampling rate of thesystem is 9.14 M, and the main body of the preamble symbol has a lengthof 2 k, then the frequency sweeping range is

${\pm \left\lceil \frac{500K \times 2048}{9.14M} \right\rceil},$

i.e. [−114, 114].

The second integer frequency offset estimation method contains:according to the position where the preamble symbol appears detected bythe initial timing synchronization, truncating to get the time-domainmain body signal A, and performing FFT on same; performing cyclic shiftwith different shift values on the frequency-domain subcarrier after FFTin a frequency-sweeping range; after that, truncating to get receivedsequence corresponding to valid subcarriers; performing some calculation(generally, conjugate multiplication, or division) on the receivedsequence and the known frequency-domain sequence; performing IFFT on aresult of the calculation; and performing specific calculation on aresult of the IFFT, such as taking the path with the largest energy, ortaking the accumulation of several paths with large energies. With theseveral shift values, after several times of IFFT, several calculationresults will be obtained. Which shift value corresponds to the integerfrequency offset estimation is judged based on the several operationresults, thus obtaining an integer frequency offset estimation value.

A typical judgement method is based on several results, and a shiftvalue corresponding to the result with the maximum energy is selected asthe integer frequency offset estimation value.

When the time-domain main body signal A corresponds to theabove-mentioned frequency-domain structure I, the following integralfrequency offset estimation method can also be adopted.

The integer frequency offset estimation method comprises: truncatingfrom some symbol in a preamble symbol to get a time-domain main bodysignal A and performing Fourier transform on same to obtain afrequency-domain OFDM symbol, performing cyclic shift in the frequencysweeping range on the frequency-domain OFDM symbol obtained bytransform, conducting interlaced differential multiplication accordingto the position of the FC on the subcarrier and an interval between twofixed sequence subcarriers, i.e. the former one and the later one, andperforming correlation calculation on interlaced differentialmultiplication value of the known fixed sequence subcarriers to obtain aseries of correlation values, and selecting the cyclic shiftcorresponding to the maximum correlation value, thus being able toaccordingly obtain the integral frequency offset estimation value.

There are many particular algorithms for integer frequency offsetestimation, which will not be described here anymore.

Further, after the integer frequency offset estimation, the frequencyoffset is compensated, and thus the transmitted signalling is parsed.

Further optionally, after the integral frequency-offset estimation iscompleted, a precise timing synchronization method is performed usingthe known information in the preamble symbol.

For example, when the frequency-domain structure I is adopted, finetiming synchronization is conducted using a fixed subcarrier sequence(FC) contained by one or more time-domain symbols; and

In the case where the above-mentioned judgement result in step S12-3 isyes, the step of determining the position of the preamble symbol in thephysical frame and solving signalling information carried by thepreamble symbol will be described in detail below, and the stepcontains:

-   -   determining the position of the preamble symbol, comprising:        based on a detection result satisfying a pre-set condition,        determining the position of the preamble symbol in the physical        frame; and    -   if a preamble symbol desired to be received exists, determining        the position where the preamble symbol appears according to a        greater correlation value to be detected or the greatest        correlation value to be detected.

The step of parsing transmitted signalling further contains a channelestimation method.

For example, in the case of having the frequency-domain structure I,channel estimation is is accomplished using a received signal containingthe fixed sequence subcarrier and a known frequency-domain fixedsubsequence subcarrier and/or a time-domain signal obtained byperforming inverse Fourier transform thereon, and this can also chosento be carried out in the time domain and/or in the frequency domain,which will not be described here anymore.

Further, when a frame format parameter and/or an emergency broadcastcontent in the preamble symbols is resolved, the position of asubsequent signalling symbol and the position of a data symbol can beobtained according to the content of the parameter and the determinedposition of the preamble symbol, and is used to parse subsequentsignalling symbol or data symbol.

The step of resolving signalling information carried by the preamblesymbol in step S12-3 is explained continuously. The step of parsing asignalling signal comprises: resolving signalling information carried bythe preamble symbol by utilizing the entirety or a portion of atime-domain waveform of the preamble symbol and/or a frequency-domainsignal obtained from the entirety or a portion of the time-domainwaveform of the preamble symbol through Fourier transform.

The signalling parsing process is explained with respect to thefrequency-domain structure I below.

The signalling information carried by signalling sequence subcarriers inthe preamble symbol is resolved by performing calculation using thereceived signal and a set of signalling sequence subcarriers containingthe signalling sequence subcarriers, or a time-domain signalcorresponding to the set of signalling sequence subcarriers. The set ofsignalling sequence subcarriers is produced based on a set of knownsignalling sequences.

The signal containing the signalling sequence subcarriers comprises: theentire or a partial of a time-domain waveform of the received preamblesymbol, and one or more frequency-domain OFDM symbols obtained byperforming Fourier transform on one or more time-domain OFDM symbolstruncated from the preamble symbol. The set of signalling sequencesubcarriers is a set formed by filling the valid subcarriers withvarious signalling sequences in the set of signalling sequences.

Specifically, one or more frequency-domain OFDM symbols are obtained byperforming Fourier transform on one or more truncated time-domain symbolcorresponding to the length N_(A) of the OFDM symbol; then zerosubcarriers are removed, and one or more received frequency-domainsignalling subcarriers are taken out according to the positions of thesignalling subcarriers. A specific mathematical calculation is conductedon the one or more received frequency-domain signalling subcarriers withthe above-mentioned channel estimation value and the known set ofsignalling sequence subcarriers, to complete a frequency-domain decodingfunction.

For example, it is assumed that i=0:M−1, M being the number signallingsubcarriers, and that j=0:2^(P)−1, P being the number of bits ofsignalling transmitted in the frequency domain, that is, thecorresponding set of signalling subcarriers has 2^(P) elements in total,and each element corresponds to a sequence with a length of M; H_(i) isa channel estimation value corresponding to each signalling subcarrier,SC_rec_(i) is a received frequency-domain signalling subcarrier value,and SC_(i) ^(j) is the ith value of the jth element in the set ofsignalling sequence subcarriers. Then

${{corr}_{j} = {{{{Re}\left( {\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{M - 1}\; {{SC\_ rec}_{i}H_{i}^{*}{SC}_{i}^{*j}}} \right)}\mspace{14mu} j} = {{0\text{:}2^{P}} - 1}}},$

information about the signalling transmitted in the frequency domain canbe obtained by taking j corresponding to max(corr_(j)).

In other embodiments, the previous process can also be carried out inthe time domain; and the information about the signalling transmitted inthe frequency domain can also be resolved by filling with zeros atappropriate positions of the known set of signalling sequencesubcarriers to generate a frequency-domain symbol with a correspondinglength, performing inverse Fourier transform to obtain a set oftime-domain signalling waveforms, directly conducting synchronizationcorrelation on the set of waveforms with a received time-domain signalof which the accurate position has been acquired, then taking acorrelation value with the maximum absolute value, which will not bedescribed here anymore.

This embodiment also provides the preamble symbol generation device, thefrequency-domain symbol generation device and the preamble symbolreceiving device in Content of the invention. The preamble symbolgeneration device, the frequency-domain symbol generation device and thepreamble symbol receiving device respectively correspond to the preamblesymbol generation method, the frequency-domain symbol generation methodand the preamble symbol receiving method in the above-mentionedembodiments. Therefore, the structure and technological factors of thedevices can be obtained by correspondingly converting the generationmethod and the receiving method, which will not be described herein, andno explanation will be provided.

FIG. 9 shows a simplified block diagram of a device 900 according tosome embodiments. The device 900 may be a preamble symbol generationdevice, a preamble symbol transmitting device, a preamble symbolreceiving device, or combinations thereof, according to variousembodiments. The device 900 includes one or more computer processors 910and a computer memory 920 coupled to the processors 910. The memory 920may include a non-transitory computer readable medium configured tostore computer readable instructions that, when executed by theprocessors 910, control the device 900 to perform any of the methodsdescribed above in connection with FIGS. 1-8, including preamblegeneration methods, preamble transmitting methods, and preamblereceiving methods. The device 900 may further include a user interface930 coupled to the memory 920 and the processors 910. The device 900 mayfurther include a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx (or a transceiver)940. The transmitter and the receiver 940 may be configured to transmitand receive preamble symbols and other communication signals.

Those of skill would appreciate that the various illustrative logicalblocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connectionwith the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronichardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearlyillustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, variousillustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have beendescribed above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether suchfunctionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality invarying ways for each particular application, but such implementationdecisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from thescope of the present invention.

The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits describedin connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implementedor performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signalprocessor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), afield programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device,discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or anycombination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in thealternative, the processor may be any conventional processor,controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also beimplemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combinationof a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one ormore microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suchconfiguration.

The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with theembodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in asoftware module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two.A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory,EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, aCD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. Anexemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processorcan read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor.The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC mayreside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and thestorage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

In one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described may beimplemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.If implemented in software as a computer program product, the functionsmay be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or codeon a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes bothcomputer storage media and communication media including any medium thatfacilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Astorage media may be any available media that can be accessed by acomputer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readablemedia can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical diskstorage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or anyother medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code inthe form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed bya computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readablemedium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website,server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable,twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologiessuch as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such asinfrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc,optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray discwhere disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproducedata optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also beincluded within the scope of computer-readable media.

The present invention has been disclosed above with the preferredembodiments which, however, are not intended to limit the presentinvention, and any person skilled in the art could make possible changesand alterations to the technical solutions of the present inventionusing the disclosed method and technical contents described abovewithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, any simple alteration, equivalent change and modificationwhich are made to the above-mentioned embodiments in accordance with thetechnical substance of the present invention and without departing fromthe contents of the present invention, will fall within the scope ofprotection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A preamble symbol receiving device, comprising:one or more processors; and a non-transitory computer readable mediumstoring a plurality of instructions that when executed control the oneor more processors to: preliminarily process a received signal;determining whether the received signal contains a preamble symbol; andin response to determining that the received signal contains a preamblesymbol, determine a position of the preamble symbol and resolvesignalling information carried by the preamble symbol, wherein thepreamble symbol contains at least one time-domain symbol, thetime-domain symbol contains a hyper prefix, a cyclic prefix, and atime-domain main body signal which are arranged sequentially.
 2. Thepreamble symbol receiving device of claim 1, wherein: the cyclic prefixis generated by directly copying the partial time-domain main bodysignal truncated directly from the rear of the time-domain main bodysignal, and the hyper prefix is generated by modulating the entirety orthe portion of the partial time-domain main body signal corresponding tothe cyclic prefix.
 3. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim 1,wherein: the length of the hyper prefix does not exceed the length ofthe cyclic prefix.
 4. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim 2,wherein: the modulating of the partial time-domain main body signal togenerate the hyper prefix comprise: setting a frequency shift sequence;and multiplying the portion or the entirety of the partial time-domainmain body signal corresponding to the cyclic prefix by the frequencyshift sequence to obtain the hyper prefix.
 5. The preamble symbolreceiving device of claim 4, wherein: a modulation frequency offsetvalue of the frequency shift sequence is determined according to afrequency-domain subcarrier spacing corresponding to the time-domainmain body signal or according to the length of the hyper prefix.
 6. Thepreamble symbol receiving device of claim 1, wherein: the length of thetime-domain main body signal is 2048 sampling periods, the length ofcyclic prefix is 520 sampling periods, the length of the hyper prefix is504 sampling periods, and the start position to generate the hyperprefix by truncation in the time-domain symbol is the 1528th sample. 7.The preamble symbol receiving device of claim 1, wherein: let P1_A(t) bea time-domain expression of the time-domain symbol, N_(A) denotes thelength of the time-domain main body signal, and let Len_(C) denotes thelength of a cyclic prefix, Len_(B) denotes the length of the hyperprefix, f_(SH) denotes a modulation frequency offset value formodulating the time-domain main body signal, and T denotes a samplingperiod, the time-domain expression of the preamble symbol containing thecyclic prefix, time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix signalis: ${P_{B - C - A}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1}\; {\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N\; 1} \right)T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {{Len}_{C}T}})}}}} & {{0 \leq t < {{Len}_{B}T}}\mspace{140mu}} \\{{P\; 1{\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} - N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)}\mspace{11mu}} & {{Len}_{B} \leq t < {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \\{{P\; 1{\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)}\mspace{70mu}} & {{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t < {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C} + N_{A}} \right)T}} \\{0\mspace{346mu}} & {{otherwise}\mspace{391mu}}\end{matrix}.} \right.$
 8. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim7, wherein: the length of the time-domain main body signal N_(A) is2048, the length of the cyclic prefix Len_(C) is 520, and the length ofthe hyper prefix Len_(B) is 504, the time-domain expression of thepreamble symbol containing the cyclic prefix, the time-domain main bodysignal and the hyper prefix is:${P_{B - C - A}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {520T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {504T}} \\{{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t + {1024T}} \right)}\mspace{160mu}} & {\mspace{110mu} {{504T} \leq t < {1024T}}} \\{{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)}\mspace{160mu}} & {{1024T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\{0\mspace{329mu}} & {otherwise}\end{matrix}.} \right.$
 9. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim1, wherein: the time-domain main body signal is obtained by processing afrequency-domain symbol.
 10. The preamble symbol receiving device ofclaim 1, wherein: the position of the preamble symbol is determined byperforming operation based on a relationship between any two of thehyper prefix, the cyclic prefix, and the time-domain main body signal toobtain correlation values and performing operations on the correlationvalues; and/or the position of the preamble symbol is determined bygenerating a local signal based on a known signal contained in thereceived signal and performing correlation on the received signal andthe local signal.
 11. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim 1,wherein: the steps of determining whether the received signal containsthe preamble symbol, and in response to determining that the receivedsignal contains the preamble symbol, determining the position of thepreamble symbol and resolving signalling information carried by thepreamble symbol contain at least one of the following: an initial timingsynchronization method, an integer frequency offset estimation method, afine timing synchronization method, a channel estimation method, adecoding and analysis method and a fractional frequency offsetestimation method.
 12. The preamble symbol receiving device of claim 1,wherein: determining whether the received signal contains the preamblesymbol uses a result of at least any one of the following: initialtiming synchronization, integer frequency offset estimation, fine timingsynchronization, channel estimation, decoding and analysis andfractional frequency offset estimation methods.
 13. The preamble symbolreceiving device of claim 1, wherein: the step of determining whetherthe received signal contains the preamble symbol includes the followingsteps: preliminarily determining the position of the preamble symbol bymeans of an initial timing synchronization method; and based on a resultof the initial timing synchronization method, determining whether thereceived signal contains the preamble symbol.
 14. The preamble symbolreceiving device of claim 13, wherein: the initial timingsynchronization method contains: a first initial timing synchronizationmethod: conducting necessary inverse processing on the received signal,which has been preliminarily processed, and then performing delayedmoving auto-correlation to acquire an accumulation correlation valueusing a processing relationship between the cyclic prefix, thetime-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix; and performing delayrelationship match and/or a specific mathematical calculation based onthe accumulation correlation value, and then using a processed valueobtained for the initial timing synchronization, so as to preliminarilydetermine the position of the preamble symbol, and/or a second initialtiming synchronization method: when any time-domain main body signal inthe preamble symbol contains a known signal, conducting differentialoperation on the time-domain main body signal according to N predefineddifferential values, and also conducting differential operation on atime-domain signal corresponding to the known signal, then correlatingthe two to obtain N groups of differential correlation resultscorresponding to the N differential values on a one-to-one basis, andperforming operation based on the N groups of differential correlationresults and using processed values obtained for the initial timingsynchronization, so as to preliminarily determine the position of thepreamble symbol, where N≥1, wherein when the determination of theposition of the preamble symbol is accomplished based on the firstinitial timing synchronization method and the second initial timingsynchronization method, weighting the respectively obtained processedvalues, and accomplishing initial timing synchronization using theweighted processed value.
 15. The preamble symbol receiving device ofclaim 1, wherein: the step of determining the position of the preamblesymbol and resolving signalling information carried by the preamblesymbol comprises: resolving the signalling information carried by thepreamble symbol by utilizing an entirety or a portion of a time-domainwaveform of the preamble symbol and/or using frequency-domain signalsobtained through performing transform on the entirety or the portion ofthe time-domain waveform of the preamble symbol.
 16. A preamble symbolreceiving method, comprising: preliminarily processing a receivedsignal; determining whether the received signal contains a preamblesymbol; and in response to determining that the received signal containsthe preamble symbol, determining a position of the preamble symbol andresolve signalling information carried by the preamble symbol, whereinthe preamble symbol contains at least one time-domain symbol, thetime-domain symbol contains a hyper prefix, a cyclic prefix, and atime-domain main body signal which are arranged sequentially.
 17. Thepreamble symbol receiving method of claim 16, wherein: the cyclic prefixis generated by directly copying the partial time-domain main bodysignal truncated directly from the rear of the time-domain main bodysignal, and the hyper prefix is generated by modulating the entirety orthe portion of the partial time-domain main body signal corresponding tothe cyclic prefix.
 18. The preamble symbol receiving method of claim 16,wherein: the length of the hyper prefix does not exceed the length ofthe cyclic prefix.
 19. The preamble symbol receiving method of claim 17,wherein: the modulating of the partial time-domain main body signal togenerate the hyper prefix comprise: setting a frequency shift sequence;and multiplying the portion or the entirety of the partial time-domainmain body signal corresponding to the cyclic prefix by the frequencyshift sequence to obtain the hyper prefix.
 20. The preamble symbolreceiving method of claim 19, wherein: a modulation frequency offsetvalue of the frequency shift sequence is determined according to afrequency-domain subcarrier spacing corresponding to the time-domainmain body signal or according to the length of the hyper prefix.
 21. Thepreamble symbol receiving method of claim 16, wherein: the position ofthe preamble symbol is determined by performing operation based on arelationship between any two of the hyper prefix, the cyclic prefix, andthe time-domain main body signal to obtain correlation values andperforming operations on the correlation values; and/or the position ofthe preamble symbol is determined by generating a local signal based ona known signal contained in the received signal and performingcorrelation on the received signal and the local signal.
 22. Thepreamble symbol receiving method of claim 16, wherein: the length of thetime-domain main body signal is 2048 sampling periods, the length ofcyclic prefix is 520 sampling periods, the length of the hyper prefix is504 sampling periods, and the start position to generate the hyperprefix by truncation in the time-domain symbol is the 1528th sample. 23.The preamble symbol receiving method of claim 16, wherein: let P1_A(t)be a time-domain expression of the time-domain symbol, N_(A) denotes thelength of the time-domain main body signal, and let Len_(C) denotes thelength of a cyclic prefix, Len_(B) denotes the length of the hyperprefix, f_(SH) denotes a modulation frequency offset value formodulating the time-domain main body signal, and T denotes a samplingperiod, the time-domain expression of the preamble symbol containing thecyclic prefix, time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix signalis: ${P_{B - C - A}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{P1}\; {\_ A}\left( {t + {\left( {N\; 1} \right)T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {{Len}_{C}T}})}}}} & {{0 \leq t < {{Len}_{B}T}}\mspace{140mu}} \\{{P\; 1{\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} - N_{A} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)}\mspace{11mu}} & {{Len}_{B} \leq t < {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \\{{P\; 1{\_ A}\left( {t - {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T}} \right)}\mspace{70mu}} & {{\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C}} \right)T} \leq t < {\left( {{Len}_{B} + {Len}_{C} + N_{A}} \right)T}} \\{0\mspace{346mu}} & {{otherwise}\mspace{391mu}}\end{matrix}.} \right.$
 24. The preamble symbol receiving method ofclaim 23, wherein: the length of the time-domain main body signal N_(A)is 2048, the length of the cyclic prefix Len_(C) is 520, and the lengthof the hyper prefix Len_(B) is 504, the time-domain expression of thepreamble symbol containing the cyclic prefix, the time-domain main bodysignal and the hyper prefix is:${P_{B - C - A}(t)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t + {1528T}} \right)e^{{- j}\; 2\pi \; {f_{SH}{({t - {520T}})}}}} & {0 \leq t < {504T}} \\{{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t + {1024T}} \right)}\mspace{160mu}} & {\mspace{110mu} {{504T} \leq t < {1024T}}} \\{{P\; 2{\_ A}\left( {t - {1024T}} \right)}\mspace{160mu}} & {{1024T} \leq t < {3072T}} \\{0\mspace{329mu}} & {otherwise}\end{matrix}.} \right.$